打字猴:1.70505377e+09
1705053770
1705053771 大碗喝茶解渴,却说不上茶是怎样的好。
1705053772
1705053773 a. One can get rid of thirst by drinking tea with a bowl but he cannot tell how wonderful the tea is.
1705053774
1705053775 b. To drink a bowl of tea can soon dampen the thirst; however, the fragrance of the tea can hardly be tested.
1705053776
1705053777 c. To drink at a gulp is a quick way to quench thirst, but it gives no taste of the high grade tea.
1705053778
1705053779 汉语,美在以神驭形。所谓“大碗喝茶解渴”,汉语读者能得其神(大口喝茶),而忘其形,并不十分注重“碗”及其之大小。而英语则以形摄神。作为注重逻辑和分析的语言,对形倾注了更多的关注。比如,译a和译b均未能跳出“大碗喝茶解渴”之形,将“碗”如实译出(bowl)。而英语读者则不能从形(bowl)中跳脱出来而得其神(大口喝茶)。因此,英译“大碗喝茶解渴”时,便无须紧扣其形,不如直探其神,而如译c译成To drink at a gulp is a quick way to quench thirst。
1705053780
1705053781 从本质言,将以神驭形的表达转换成以形摄神的表达,也是一种由简入繁的转换。
1705053782
1705053783 一心想得到的东西终于得到了,失去了却很多很多,而失去的原来比得到的可能还要好。
1705053784
1705053785 a. One can get what he dreams to get but he loses a lot which may be better than what he has got.
1705053786
1705053787 b. When a person has gained the thing that he has been eagerly longing for, he have also lost many things that might be better than the gained.
1705053788
1705053789 c. One may eventually win what he has set his mind to, only to find that he has lost quite a lot. Perhaps what he loses is even better than what he gains.
1705053790
1705053791 汉语原句为一句,译a和b均照样译成一句。而译c偏译成了两句,又是由简入繁!诚然,莎士比亚曾云,Brevity is the soul of wit(言以简洁为贵),但却不能因简而挫其文气。文气盎然,文意才能饱满充盈。无独有偶,译a和译b均以定语从句来译原句中的“而失去的原来比得到的可能还要好”!虽然达意,但是文意就在一笔带过的表达之中显得有点苍白乏力,因为,原句三句并列,然末句毕竟是全句之“眼”。因此,译c将末句独立译成一句,文意显豁,立意清醇。
1705053792
1705053793 另外,译c运用了成语only to,这个繁,真是繁得其所!因为,only to的含义是:不料竟会,没想到会。only to的添用,令译文有了文采,就表达的感情色彩而言,确胜过了汉语原句,原句“失去了却很多很多”显得平淡,缺乏感情的涟漪。
1705053794
1705053795 物化了的生命硬如岩石,而那些看似无价值的却永葆着神韵和空灵。
1705053796
1705053797 a. The materialized life is as hard as a rock, which the seemingly worthless life always keeps its freshness and flexibility.
1705053798
1705053799 b. Materialized life is as rigid as a rock, while those apparently valueless things keep spirit and life.
1705053800
1705053801 c. Life, when petrified by material desires, is as callous as stone, while those seemingly worthless things always remain fresh and full of spirit.
1705053802
1705053803 对汉译英译文的过简现象,可以有两种分析:1)因译文失之过简而无法将汉语原句的意思充分清晰地加以传递,致使译文读者不知所云,甚至导致误解;2)英译不符合英语的表达习惯,英语味欠缺,艰涩生硬,缺乏美感。
1705053804
1705053805 解决英语译文过简问题,首先要防止出现第一种情况。以上“物化了的生命硬如岩石”的英译就是一例,值得一议。译a和译b几乎如出一辙,系直译,而native speakers却难以理解其中的比喻:as hard as a rock / as rigid as a rock;读之,如坐云雾。因为,英语是一种逻辑性很强的语言,每个单词、每个词组都必须有个明确的交代,不容含糊。
1705053806
1705053807 汉语表达在很大程度上依靠词组的整体感应,在朦胧中传达信息,在疏放中透出美感。对于“物化了的生命硬如岩石”这样的表达,读者能迅速准确把握其弦外之音:当一个人的物质追求膨胀到一定程度,此君必有一副铁石心肠,处世待人将异常冷漠。
1705053808
1705053809 从这个意义上分析,译c虽然在措辞上繁了些,但是,却准确地传递了汉语原句所含的赅意。尤其是其中的两个词(petrify, callous)用得准确传神!
1705053810
1705053811 American Heritage Dictionary对这两个词的解释如下:
1705053812
1705053813 petrify: to cause to become stiff or stonelike; deaden.
1705053814
1705053815 callous: emotionally hardened; unfeeling: a callous indifference to the suffering of others.
1705053816
1705053817 人生旅途上,有人背负着名利急急奔走,有人回归自然,飘逸而行。
1705053818
1705053819 a. On the road of life, some run hurriedly with the burden of fame and interests on their shoulder, while others come back to the nature and lead an easy and free life.
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