打字猴:1.7050538e+09
1705053800
1705053801 c. Life, when petrified by material desires, is as callous as stone, while those seemingly worthless things always remain fresh and full of spirit.
1705053802
1705053803 对汉译英译文的过简现象,可以有两种分析:1)因译文失之过简而无法将汉语原句的意思充分清晰地加以传递,致使译文读者不知所云,甚至导致误解;2)英译不符合英语的表达习惯,英语味欠缺,艰涩生硬,缺乏美感。
1705053804
1705053805 解决英语译文过简问题,首先要防止出现第一种情况。以上“物化了的生命硬如岩石”的英译就是一例,值得一议。译a和译b几乎如出一辙,系直译,而native speakers却难以理解其中的比喻:as hard as a rock / as rigid as a rock;读之,如坐云雾。因为,英语是一种逻辑性很强的语言,每个单词、每个词组都必须有个明确的交代,不容含糊。
1705053806
1705053807 汉语表达在很大程度上依靠词组的整体感应,在朦胧中传达信息,在疏放中透出美感。对于“物化了的生命硬如岩石”这样的表达,读者能迅速准确把握其弦外之音:当一个人的物质追求膨胀到一定程度,此君必有一副铁石心肠,处世待人将异常冷漠。
1705053808
1705053809 从这个意义上分析,译c虽然在措辞上繁了些,但是,却准确地传递了汉语原句所含的赅意。尤其是其中的两个词(petrify, callous)用得准确传神!
1705053810
1705053811 American Heritage Dictionary对这两个词的解释如下:
1705053812
1705053813 petrify: to cause to become stiff or stonelike; deaden.
1705053814
1705053815 callous: emotionally hardened; unfeeling: a callous indifference to the suffering of others.
1705053816
1705053817 人生旅途上,有人背负着名利急急奔走,有人回归自然,飘逸而行。
1705053818
1705053819 a. On the road of life, some run hurriedly with the burden of fame and interests on their shoulder, while others come back to the nature and lead an easy and free life.
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1705053821 b. On the road of life, some one is burdened with fame and interests and goes in a hurry; some one returns to the nature and walks elegantly.
1705053822
1705053823 c. In their journey through life, some people hurry on with a heavy heart in pursuit of fame and gain, while others go with an easy grace, enjoying themselves in harmony with nature.
1705053824
1705053825 行文至此,是否可以得出这样的结论:所谓英译过简者,十之八九为做表层转换的直译。“有人背负着名利急急奔走”的英译便是一例。译a和译b几乎如出一辙:some run hurriedly with the burden of fame and interests on their shoulder / some one is burdened with fame and interests and goes in a hurry。
1705053826
1705053827 何谓“背负着名利”?背负在追名逐利的思想包袱也!以汉语为母语者,并不难从“背负着名利”中演绎出如此理解,然而,要一个native speaker从with the burden of fame and interests on their shoulder / burdened with fame and interests 演绎出with a heavy heart in pursuit of fame and gain的理解就有点强人所难了。对with the burden of / burdened with略作语法分析,就能察觉在指“名利在身”者,这与汉语原句所蕴涵的信息距离很大。
1705053828
1705053829 比较之下,译c确实繁了许多,但是,some people hurry on with a heavy heart in pursuit of fame and gain准确译出了“追名逐利之徒”的言外之意。
1705053830
1705053831 同样,译a和译b对“回归自然”也做了简单的表层转换:come back to the nature / returns to the nature。这里的“回归自然”与“背负着名利急急奔走”存在着潜在的比照。尤其是“自然”二字,有多种解释,应谨慎揣摩。这里的“自然”并非指“自然界”(nature / the natural world),而是指“任其自然地发展,不刻意干预”(naturally / in the ordinary and natural course of events / in harmony with nature)。译c的理解是正确的,其英译(while others go with an easy grace, enjoying themselves in harmony with nature)搭准了原句的脉搏。
1705053832
1705053833 总之,汉译英的由简入繁不仅仅是一个表达习惯的问题,而是折射了诸多深层次的问题,比如中西文化之异、中西思维之异以及汉语和英语各自具有的特色。若能从宏观上对这些问题有所把握,在汉译英的过程中,心中会更有底,下笔也会有神。
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1705053838 翻译美学 [:1705043590]
1705053839 翻译美学 第三章 科技文章翻译实践与评析
1705053840
1705053841 翻译美学 [:1705043591]
1705053842 1 遣词——三种美学境界
1705053843
1705053844 科技文章之行文,必定一本正经,严肃有余,而活泼不够;科技文章之遣词,也必定不苟言笑,理论艰深,而文采不足。这是常人的猜想。
1705053845
1705053846 事实绝非如此。科技文章照样讲究文采,遣词亦颇具别样的境界,细究之下,似可将其分为三类:借、转、破。三种遣词境界,如路边野花,给可能单调的行文平添几分“野趣”;如林中奔泉,给可能乏味的陈述抹上些许亮色。科技文章的沉滞文风,为之一扫。于是,阅读便成为享受,翻译也充满兴味。
1705053847
1705053848 现对“借”、“转”、“破”的三种境界做一浅析。
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