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b. Seismic measures of travel time and amplitude define the subsurface geometry and give estimates of the acoustic impedances related to rock velocities and densities.
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如果我们测得地震波的走势和振幅，我们就能够确定地下的几何形状并估算与岩石速率和密度有关的声阻抗。
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2）非人称主语句“消化”了时间状语从句：
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a. Analysis of a damaged material usually requires intuitive judgment followed by real-time testing.
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b. When we are doing an analysis of a damaged material, usually it requires intuitive judgment followed by real-time testing.
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我们在分析破损材料时，通常需要先做直观判断，再做实时检测。
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3）非人称主语句“消化”了因果关系句：
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a. The effectiveness of the electronic computer lies in its great speed and accuracy in calculation.
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b. The effectiveness of the electronic computer is achieved because it has great speed and accuracy in calculation.
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电子计算机之所以效率高，是由于其运算速度快，而且计算准确。
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4）非人称主语句“消化”了让步从句：
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a. Even the dissolution in water cannot enable common salt to change its chemical properties.
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b. Even though we dissolve salt in water, we cannot enable common salt to change its chemical properties.
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即使我们将普通食盐溶于水，也不能改变其化学性质。
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2.3 练达美
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英汉相比，英语多用被动语态，而汉语则少用。这是一个给人启迪的比较：有人称，《水浒传》全书仅用了120个被动句，而以下一段126个单词，含14个谓语动词的英语段落竟然用了13个被动语态：
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As oil is found deep in the ground its presence cannot be determined by a study of the surface. Consequently, a geological survey of the underground rocks structure must be carried out. If it is thought that the rocks in a certain area contain oil, a “drilling rig” is assembled. The most obvious part of a drilling rig is called a “derrick”. It is used to lift sections of pipe, which are allowed into the hole made by the drill. As the hole is being drilled, a steel pipe is pushed down to prevent the sides from falling in. If soil is struck a cover is firmly fixed to the top of the pipe and the oil is allowed to escape through a series of valves.
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因为石油深埋在地下，靠研究地面，不能确定石油的有无。因此，对地下岩层结构必须进行地质勘探。如果认为某地区的岩层含有石油，就在该处安装“钻机”。钻机中最显眼的部件叫做“井口铁架”。井架用来吊升分节油管，把油管放入由钻头打入的孔中。当孔钻成时，放入钢管防止孔壁坍塌。如发现石油，则在油管顶部紧固地加盖，使石油通过一系列阀门流出。
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为何英语多用被动语态，而汉语则少用被动语态？
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原因之一也许是：汉语系意合语言，这个“被”字完全可以被“融化”掉。试比较：
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Friction can be reduced and the life of the machine prolonged by lubrication.
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润滑能减少摩擦，延长机器寿命。
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Modern scientific discoveries lead to the conclusion that energy may be created from matter, which in turn, may be created from energy.
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现代科学的发展得出这样的结论：物质可以产生能，能又可以产生物质。
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Although the first synthetic materials were created little more than a hundred years ago, they can now be found almost everywhere.
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