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They were shy of the 50% of the vote they need.
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原译:
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他们因为需要得到50%的选票而难为情。
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辨析:
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原译显然逻辑上讲不过去,需要得到50%的选票(也许才能当选)是法律的规定,不可能使他们感到“难为情”。(be)shy of是一个短语,其意思是从shy的原意“难为情”引申出来的,意思为“害怕”或“有疑心”,例如:This made him shy of going out at night again.(这[件事]吓得他再也不敢在晚上出去。)又如:He became shy even of a shadow.(他变得甚至连影子都害怕。)(很有点“杯弓蛇影”的意思。)但是be shy of还有一个意思,即“缺少”、“不足”,原来是俚语,现在正式文体中也用,尤其在报刊文章中,如:This house is shy of a bathroom.这房子缺少一个卫生间。其实,shy本身已有不足的意思,如新版的American Heritage College Dictionary对shy的第4个定义就是short,lacking。还有一个例句:Eleven is shy of a dozen.(十一比一打少一。)
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所以原文的确切意思是:他们没有能得到所需要的50%的选票。当然,这个意思还可以用别的说法表示,例如:The votes they got did not reach the 50% they needed.或They still needed some votes to reach the 50% they were supposed to get.
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英语中有许多表示数量“不足/不够”的说法,如:lack of,not enough,insufficient,inadequate,be/come/fall/run short of,less than,wanting等,可根据不同上下文选用,但也不限于以上说法,比如“他们真的缺少时间/时间不够”也可以译为:They were really pushed/pressed for time.(学好英语的一个重要标志是会用不同的方式表达同一个意思。)
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不过从这一句隐含的事实来看,他们倒是应该感到难为情的,因为他们没有能得到50%的选票。但是这里用shy不如用ashamed,embarrassed等词,例如可以说:They cringed with embarassment as they didn’t get the 50% of vote they needed.
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翻译辨误 156 something等于“某物”吗?
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原文:
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Nobody could deny that Jeff had something about him.
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原译:
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没有人能够否认杰夫有点那个。
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辨析:
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表面上看,原译和原文很有点相像,但实际上两者的意思完全不一样。中文说某人“有点那个”是说那人有某种缺点或不好的习惯,但又不便于点明。Something可以指代某个事物,但是翻译时要看上下文,如:Something seems to have come over him.(看来他有点变了)。原句中的something的意思可参见《英汉大词典》(商务印书馆)所给定义的第5条:“重要的东西”。类似的用法如:There is something in what he has just said.(他刚才说的有些道理);I hope this time my advice will go for something with him.(我希望这一次我的劝告能对他起些作用);That’s something.(这还差不多/有点像话;这多少有点意思/多少是种安慰)。在原句里则指“与众不同的特点,尤指长处”。所以这一句的确切意思是:没有人能够否认/谁也无法否认杰夫很有一手/是个不平凡/不一般的人。有些短语也有这样的意思,如:make something of(使有用):He has made something of this deal.(他从这笔交易中获益不少);In three years he made something of himself.(三年之后他就混出了个模样)。
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其实,由some构成的另一个复合词somebody,用来指“某人”外,也有“不一般的人”的意思,如:He is somebody.意思是“他可是个人物/是有来头的”,如果译成“他是某个人”就错了。
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翻译辨误 157 把头埋进什么?
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原文:
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He dug his face deep in the warm curve of the pillow.
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