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escaping gas 正在泄漏的气体 escaped prisoner 已经越狱的囚徒
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exploding star 正在爆炸的恒星 exploded mine 已经爆炸的地雷
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fading memory 逐渐淡忘的往事 faded flower 已然凋谢的花朵
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falling rain 正在下着的雨 fallen leaves 落叶
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growing strength 日益增强的力量 grown son 长大成人的儿子
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drowning child 落水挣扎的儿童 drowned man 溺水身亡的男子
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returning traveler 踏上归途的旅人 returned people 归来的人们
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14.8 过去分词的独立结构
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过去分词的独立结构即过去分词的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致而带有逻辑主语。过去分词的独立结构和作状语的过去分词用法相同，只是多了逻辑主语。
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Everything considered, work is less boring than amusing oneself.
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如果全面考虑，工作不如寻欢作乐令人乏味。（相当于If everything is considered, work is less boring than amusing oneself.）
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Hafid walked slowly to the table, his hands extended.
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哈菲德双手张开，缓慢地走向桌子。（相当于Hafid walked slowly to the table, and his hands were extended.）
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A solitary eagle circled slowly, its wings fully extended.
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一只孤鹰双翅完全展开，缓慢地盘旋着。（相当于A solitary eagle circled slowly, and its wings were fully extended.）
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Head bowed, in total defeat, I failed even to notice the bright star.
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我垂头丧气，甚至连这颗明亮的星星也没有注意到。（相当于My head was bowed, in total defeat, and I failed even to notice the bright star.）
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14.9 转化为形容词的过去分词
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有相当数量的过去分词本身已经成为独立的形容词，包括：
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admitted 公认的 advanced 先进的
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alarmed 惊恐的 amazed 吃惊的
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amused 被逗乐的 annoyed 生气的
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astonished 吃惊的 bored 感到厌烦的
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convinced 信服的 confused 迷惑的
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