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例句 For children whose parents are abusive to them, it is difficult to have a normal childhood, and it is possible that they may imitate their parents’ behaviors when they grow up. 那些经常被父母辱骂的孩子很难拥有正常的童年，而且当他们长大成人之后，很有可能会模仿父母的行为。
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要点 abusive一词源自abuse，有“虐待的；辱骂的”意思，如：abusive comments（侮辱性的言论）。
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affection［ə’fekʃn］n. 喜爱，爱慕之情；影响
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例句 1. As we all know, many couples complain that their life is full of vapidity, and they repine that they cannot feel the affection existing anymore. 正如我们所知道的那样，很多夫妻都会抱怨生活中充满无趣，他们总是抱怨无法再感受到爱意的存在。
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2. The couple have developed a genuine affection between them. 这对夫妇彼此间产生了一种真正的互相爱慕的情怀。
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同义 fondness（n. 喜爱）；influence（n. 影响）
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反义 antipathy（n. 反感）
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要点 fondness和affection都有“喜爱”的意思，前者多强调“溺爱”或者一种“爱好”，后者则主要表示“爱慕之情”。
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anxious［‘æŋkʃəs］a. 渴望的；担忧的，焦虑的
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例句 1. Some people get anxious about their pets for the cost of feeding them. 一些人因为饲养宠物所需的花费而感到焦虑。
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2. Every time when I encountered some difficulties, I felt anxious and asked myself when I could grow up and become an adult. 每当我遇到困难时，我就会感到焦虑，并会问自己何时才能长大，变成一个大人。
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3. Workers were a bit anxious about the convenience of the machines bought abroad at first. 工人们起初有点担忧购自国外的机器使用起来是否方便。
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同义 eager（a. 渴望的）；worried（a. 担忧的）
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要点 anxious主要是指因某事而感到焦虑。
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appreciate［ə’pri
:ʃieit］v. 赏识；鉴赏；感激
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例句 1. It may not always be the music that other people are intent to hear or appreciate, but the art itself. 人们想要听的或者欣赏的也许并不是音乐，而是这种艺术本身。
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2. If I enter a small company, I think that the employer will appreciate me and give me more opportunities to utilize my abilities. 如果我进入一家小公司，我认为雇主会赏识我，并给我更多的机会来施展我的能力。
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搭配 an arbitrary character 反复无常的性格；an arbitrary decision 武断的决定
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例句 1. In short, it is unwise to make a decision in an arbitrary way without thinking twice. 简而言之，欠缺再三考虑、以随意的方式作出决定是很不明智的。
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2. It is arbitrary to estimate that the thought of saving money for future use is stupid just according to the reasons I cited. 仅仅根据我引用的几个理由就判断为将来存钱的想法是愚蠢的，这是不理智的。
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3. In the U.S., some people think that the ban on certain type of guns is arbitrary. 在美国，一些人认为禁止某些类型的枪支是专断的。
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同义 random（a. 任意的）
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要点 random也可以表示“任意的”，但它多用于数学等领域，表示“随机的”这一含义，比如：a random sample（随机取样）。
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astute［ə’stu
:t］a. 机敏的；精明的
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