打字猴:1.705130494e+09
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1705130495 Chandler:Well, it’s just with…um…work and the stress of adoption. We just don’t feel like we have the energy.Plus, we don’t think it’s fair that every year the burden falls on us.
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1705130497 Ross:That doesn’t sound like you…That’s Monica talking
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1705130499 Chandler:No, no!We made this decision together.
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1705130501 Ross:She’s putting words in your mouth!
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1705130503 Joey:Don’t you put words in people’s mouths, you put turkey in people’s mouths!
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1705130505 Rachel:I can’t believe this!This is Emma’s first Thanksgiving!
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1705130507 Monica:No, it’s not!
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1705130509 Rachel:It’s not?When was she born?
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1705130511 Phoebe:Well, personally I think it’s great you’re giving yourself a break.
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1705130513 Monica:Thank you, Pheebs!
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1705130515 Phoebe:Sure. It’s just as well…I mean, last year wasn’t very good.I think she’s losing her touch.
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1705130517 Monica:What?You are way off, lady!
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1705130519 Phoebe:Am I?Really?Am I?Well, why don’t you cook Thanksgiving dinner and prove me wrong!Well, think about it, think about it, you’ll be trying to top than you did last year. You’d be in competition…with yourself.
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1705130521 Monica:That’s my favourite kind!Okay, we are doing this!
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1705130523 Chandler:Don’t let yourself get manipulated this way!
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1705130525 Monica:Hey, stay out of this, Chandler This is between me…and ME!
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1705130527 Chandler:We are supposed to make these decisions together!Did you not watch the Doctor Phil I taped for you?
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1705130529 上面这段对白难度不高,喜剧效果也不错,作为这个阶段的外语学习来讲,的确是个难度适合的材料。但对现阶段的单词学习来说,却不是理想的学习材料。因为这种材料从主题到内容,词汇关联性非常低,各句子之间的词汇有机联系不多。而且这种对话语言中,特殊的本土文化成分很高,对文化背景缺乏了解就会直接影响到对语言的理解。比如最后一句”Did you not watch the Doctor Phil I taped for you?”,这句话直译是“你难道没看我给你录的Doctor Phil的电视节目吗?”Doctor Phil是美国著名的在电视上大讲男女关系“心灵鸡汤”的一个家伙。这句话在这里是因为Chandler抗议Monica自作主张、没和自己商量,违背了Doctor Phil经常在电视上讲的“两人要一起做决定才能和睦相处”的观点。对此背景缺乏了解就会对这些句子不知所云,但并非是语言难度造成的理解问题。所以这段对话从句子内容到句子结构都比较不太适合在目前阶段的学习。
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1705130531 一般来说,所谓“原汁原味”的自然对话中,适合外语学习的“精华”含量会比较少。如果希望文字中出现相关单词的联用形式的比例比较高,那么对学习内容不但要限制难度,还要规范内容。建议选择词汇关联度高的、紧密围绕一个概念或主题展开的“主题内容”(thematic context)。无论是学校使用的外语教材,还是市场上流行的国际知名的经典外语教材(比如《新概念》《走遍美国》等),都包含了经过加工的“主题内容”,非常不错。然而此时如果仅局限于使用一套教材,最严重的问题就是某一难度下的材料内容数量有限,往往都是短短几篇课文就转到其他难度和内容上去了。所以一些学生很辛苦地集中啃一套教材,造成在每个阶段的输入量都远远不够。而再拿起另一套教材时,很多难度又已经不适合当前学习了。
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1705130533 学单词,就是要对同一个主题反复啰嗦效果才好。
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1705130535 所以如果希望锁定一套学习材料又要求其中含有大量的“主题内容”,那么无论从难度到内容,从质量到数量,一个典型的非常适合学习的最佳学习材料样板,又要说是《美国之音》英语学习节目。从内容主题的角度来说,《美国之音》英语教学中包括了科技、时事、教育、社会、人文和经济等非常丰富的各种主题版块,比如:Technology Report, This is America, Agriculture Report, Science in the News, Health Report, Explorations, Education Report, The Making of a Nation, Economics Report, American Mosaic, In the News, American Stories, People in America等等。
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1705130537 比如下面《美国之音》英语学习节目科学报道中有关“地震”主题的内容:
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1705130541 Scientists Predicting Strength of Future Earthquakes
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1705130543 Scientists know where earthquakes are likely to take place. But it is difficult for them to predict how strong an earthquake will be.Now, American researchers have found that it may be possible to predict the strength of future quakes.
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