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· Exercise 5:
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For Deputy Prime Minister Speech: Using the materials that students developed in Exercises 3 and 4, have one or more students present a full Deputy Prime Minister speech followed by constructive critique.
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思辨精英：英语辩论-构筑全球视角 Chapter 7Arguments by First Opposition Teams
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Robert Trapp
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Chapter Outline
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7.1 Role of Leader of Opposition
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7.2 Role of the Deputy Leader of Opposition
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7.3 Common Kinds of Opposition Arguments
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7.4 Summary
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7.5 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 7
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7.6 Discussion Questions for Chapter 7
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7.7 Exercises for Chapter 7
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The roles of the Leader and Deputy Leader of Opposition are analogous to those of the Prime Minister and Deputy Prime Minister, with the role of the Leader of Opposition being similar to that of the Prime Minister. Like the Prime Minister is primarily responsible for describing the position the Government side will defend, the Leader of Opposition will describe the stance to be taken by the Opposition side in the debate. As the Prime Minister is responsible for constructing most of the arguments of the First Government Team, the Leader of Opposition is responsible for constructing most of the arguments of the First Opposition Team.
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Debaters assigned to debate for Opposition side need to remember that they must do more than simply oppose the motion. They need to oppose the particular stance or the model offered by the First Government Team. Consider a situation where the motion is, “Nations should provide a minimal level of education to all their citizens.” The First Government Team might decide to focus the debate on Sub-Saharan Africa and might present a model that suggests that all nations of Sub-Saharan Africa should provide at least a secondary education for all their citizens. In such a case, the First Opposition Team would need to focus their arguments on the model, not just on the general motion. The Opposition side would be expected to engage the First Government Team with arguments about Sub-Saharan Africa, not nations in general. Furthermore, they would be expected to focus on the question of secondary education. Opposition debaters who raise issues about education in East Asia or issues about post-secondary education would miss the mark because they focused on the motion in general, not on the model offered by the First Government Team. Those arguments would not address the central point of the debate.
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7.1 Role of Leader of Opposition
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The Leader of Opposition is responsible for the following: 1) providing a clear statement of the Opposition stance in the debate, 2) refuting arguments made by the Prime Minister, and 3) constructing at least one independent argument against the position advocated by the Prime Minister.
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7.1.1 Provide a Clear Statement of the Opposition Stance in the Debate
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The Opposition stance toward the motion tries to accomplish some of what the First Government Team achieved when they created their model of the motion. A solid stance gives the First Opposition team the chance to show that they do more than merely oppose statements made by the First Government Team. Such a stance also gives them the opportunity to show the audience and judge precisely what the Opposition Team intends to support. A clear Opposition stance is important regardless of the kind of motion being addressed.
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Just as defining and interpreting the motion is the right and responsibility of the First Government Team, establishing the stance for the Opposition is the right and responsibility of the First Opposition Team. As the First Government Team is expected to establish a reasonable definition and interpretation, the First Opposition Team is expected to develop a reasonable stance. After the First Opposition Team develops the stance, the Second Opposition Team is obliged to continue to pursue that stance in their speeches, as well. To do otherwise would leave the debate going in too many directions, and would create a very confusing debate. Thus, if the First Opposition decides to support the status quo, the Second Opposition Team would not be able to suggest a counter proposal—one that is different from the Government’s proposal and the status quo.
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