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· Matter
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· Manner
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· Extemporaneous speaking
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· Stance
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· Eye contact
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· Facial expression
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· Gesture
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· Rate of speech
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· Pause
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· Volume
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· Tone
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14.7 Discussion Questions for Chapter 14
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· How are elements like stance, eye, contact, facial expression, and gestures important to delivery?
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· How should debaters best control eye contact in Western cultures? In Eastern cultures?
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· How do elements like speaking rate, pauses, volume, and tone contribute to effective delivery?
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14.8 Exercises for Chapter 14
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· Exercise 1:
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The purpose of this exercise is to allow students to see the effectiveness of their natural manner of delivery and contrast it to their manner of delivery in a debate. Have a student prepare an argument and present the argument to a group of students. Video recording this speech is best, but if this is impossible, comments from the group of students also work well. After the presentation of the argument, ask the students to sit quietly and imagine a very memorable incident in their lives. Tell the students to bring their memories of that incident into the foreground of their consciousness imagining that they were physically present in the time and place that the incident occurred. After they have sat quietly and contemplated this incident, have each student stand and describe the incident to the other group of students. Discuss the differences in delivery between the students’ argumentative speeches and their descriptions of the incident.
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· Exercise 2:
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Choose an emotion (outrage, triumph, celebration, concern, etc.). Tell a story of a recent news event in which that emotion was central. The goal of the exercise is to have the audience guess the emotion you are expressing through tone, volume, facial expression, etc.
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· Exercise 3:
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Ask students to prepare an argument for or against a motion. Rather than delivering the argument in a speech, ask the students to first tell the instructor or one other student about the argument in conversation.
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