打字猴:1.70524293e+09
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1705242931 他把有毒的糖果交给了警方,这颗糖果是一个竞争对手寄给他的,这个竞争对手与黑手党有关联。
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1705242933 She saw the matter through that had caused her so much anxiety in former years when she was employed as an efficiency expert by the company.
1705242934
1705242935 前些年,她在某个公司做效率专家,当时有件事情曾让她感到极度担心,她现在已经把它看穿了。
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1705242937 It is appalling that teachers are being laid off in a shortsighted attempt to balance this year’s budget at the same time that the governor’s cronies and bureaucratic hacks are lining their pockets.
1705242938
1705242939 这真是一件骇人听闻之事,许多教师因为政府平衡收支的短视政策而被解雇,但与此同时州长的亲信和官僚们却在中饱私囊。
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1705242941 许多语言学家认为,在运用语言的时候,人们之所以会调整短语的位置,或者在各种同义结构中做出选择,其目的就是为了减轻听者的记忆负担。
1705242942
1705242943 只要句子中的单词可以迅速地组成一个个完整的短语,即使这个句子十分复杂,也照样可以被我们理解。
1705242944
1705242945 Remarkable is the rapidity of the motion of the wing of the hummingbird.
1705242946
1705242947 蜂鸟翅膀的运动速度异常惊人。
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1705242949 This is the cow with the crumpled horn that tossed the dog that worried the cat that killed the rat that ate the malt that lay in the house that Jack built.
1705242950
1705242951 这头牛角弯弯的奶牛顶翻了狗,狗吓坏了猫,猫杀死了老鼠,老鼠吃掉了麦芽,麦芽放在杰克造的房子里。
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1705242953 Then came the Holy One, blessed be He, and destroyed the angel of death that slew the butcher that killed the ox that drank the water that quenched the fire that burned the stick that beat the dog that bit the cat my father bought for two zuzim.
1705242954
1705242955 我爸爸花两个铜板买了一只猫,结果猫被狗咬了,狗被棍子打了,棍子被火烧了,火被水灭了,水被牛喝了,牛被屠夫宰了,屠夫被死神带走了,死神被上帝打败了,上帝保佑!
1705242956
1705242957 根据短语结构树的几何形状,这类句子被称为“右向分枝”。当我们从左向右阅读句子的时候,每次只有一个分枝处于悬垂状态。
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1705242962 句子的分枝也可以是左向的。左向分枝的树形图在“中心语后置”的语言中最为常见,比如说日语。不过,英语中也有一些这样的结构。同样,剖析器每次也只需记住一个悬垂的分枝。
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1705242966
1705242967 树形图还存在着第三种几何形状,但它读起来就不那么轻松了。举例而言:
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1705242969 The rapidity that the motion has is remarkable.
1705242970
1705242971 在这个句子中,从句“that the motion has”被嵌入名词短语“The rapidity”之中。这让整个句子读起来颇为生硬,但理解起来还没有很大的问题。同样的句式有:
1705242972
1705242973 The motion that the wing has is remarkable.
1705242974
1705242975 但是,如果将“the motion that the wing has”嵌入“the rapidity that the motion has”之中,就会给阅读造成很大的障碍:
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1705242977 The rapidity that the motion that the wing has has is remarkable.
1705242978
1705242979 如果再嵌入第三个短语,例如“the wing that the hummingbird has”,那么就会制造出一个嵌有三层分句的“洋葱句”(onion sentence),让人完全无法理解。
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