打字猴:1.70599082e+09
1705990820 (16) Philip C.Almond,The British Discovery of Buddhism,p.126.
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1705990822 (17) Elizabeth A.Gordon,Syriac Christianity and the Daijō Bukkyō,reprinted in Asian Christology and the Mahāyāna,Tokyo:Maruzen & Company,Ltd.,1921.
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1705990824 (18) J.Jeffrey Franklin,The Lotus and the Lion:Buddhism and the British Empire,Ithaca:Cornell University Press,2008,pp.11-12.早期现代很多英国作品中均可发现他们对亚洲的想象,如莎士比亚、培根等人;有关分析亦可参见一本论文集,Debra Johanyak,and Walter S.H.Lim eds.The English Renaissance,Orientalism,and the Ideas of Asia,New York:Palgrave MacMillan,2010.
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1705990826 (19) 即Introduction àl’Histoire du Buddhisme,此书的英译本业已出版,见Introduction to the History of Indian Buddhism,translated by Katia Buffetrille and Donald S.Lopez Jr.,Chicago:University of Chicago Press,2010;英译本书评见Jonathan A.Silk,“A Missed Opportunity,”HR,Vol.51,No.3(Februrary,2012),pp.262-272,对Lopez的导言和翻译进行了批评,认为其导言并未真正指出此书的地位,翻译也没有提供足够的译注以便读者了解此书出版以后的学术进步。有关这一时期佛教史研究的后殖民主义批判亦参见 Richard King,Orientalism and Religion:Postcolonial Theory,India and the Mystic East,London:Routledge,1999,pp.143-160.
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1705990828 (20) 对东印度公司在梵文研究中所扮演的角色,见Ludo Rocher and Rosane Rocher,The Making of Western Indology:Henry Thomas Colebrooke and the East India Company,London:Routledge,2009,especially chapter six:Paragon of Scholarship(London,1815-1837).
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1705990830 (21) 有关欧美对佛教的早期研究,亦请参见李四龙:《欧美佛教学术史:西方的佛教形象与学术源流》,北京,北京大学出版社,2009。
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1705990832 (22) 基彭博格称之为“欧洲诸宗教的早期历史(The early history of the religions of Europe)”,参见Hans G.Kippenberg,Discovering Religious History in the Modern Age,translated by Barbara Harshav,Princeton:Princeton University Press,2002,pp.24-50.
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1705990834 (23) 有关琼斯的研究很多,这里仅举出较近的琼斯学术评传,见Michael J.Franklin,Orientalist Jones:Sir William Jones,Poet,Lawyer,and Linguist,1746-1794,Oxford:Oxford University Press,2011.
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1705990836 (24) 该书最初在1808年出版,Friedrich Schlegel,Über die Sprache und die Weisheit der Indier:Ein Beitrag zur Begründung der Altertumskunde,Heidelberg:Mohr und Zimmer,1808;在1849年出版英文版,Friedrich Schlegel,On the Language and Wisdom of the Indians.In the Aesthetic and Miscellaneous Works of Friederick von Schlegel,edited by E.J.Millington,London:Henry G.Bohn,1849.受他影响的书可能包括Robert Turnbull,Christ in History;or the Central Power among Men.Boston:Philips,Sampson,and Company,1857.作者在书中称受到近代学者赫尔德、Bossuet 、维柯等人研究艺术、科学、语言、文学、宗教在人类历史上的地位的启发,也受到F.W.Schlegel 对东方国家的研究的启发。这个Schlegel应该就是梵文学者Schlegel。
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1705990838 (25) Franz Bopp,über das Conjugationsystem der Sanskritsprache in Vergleichung mit jenem der griechischen,lateinischen,persischen und germanischen Sprache,Frankfurt,1816.
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1705990840 (26) Lourens P.van den Bosch,Friedrich Max Müller:A Life Devoted to the Humanities,Leiden:E.J.Brill,2002.
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1705990842 (27) Deputy Taylorian Professor of Modern European Languages.
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1705990844 (28) Friedrich Max Müller,A History of Ancient Sanskrit Literature So Far As It Illustrates the Primitive Religion of the Brahmans.London:Williams and Norgate,1860;Lectures on the Science of Language.London:Longmans,Green,& Co.,1885,new edition;Introduction to the Science of Religion.London:Longmans,Green,& Co.,1899.Jon R.Stone ed.,The Essential Max Müller:On Language,Mythology,and Religion,New York:Palgrave,2002.
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1705990846 (29) Peter van der Veer,Imperial Encounters:Religion and Modernity in India and Britain,Princeton:Princeton University Press,2001,pp.106-133.
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1705990848 (30) Monier Monier-Williams,Buddhism:In its Connexion with Brāhmanism and Hindūism,and in its Contrast with Christianity,London:John Murray,1889,p.537.以及Tomoko Masuzawa,The Invention of World Religions,or How European Universalism was Preserved in the Language of Pluralism,pp.128-130.
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1705990850 (31) Tomoko Masuzawa,The Invention of World Religions,or How European Universalism was Preserved in the Language of Pluralism,p.136.
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1705990852 (32) Dictionarium Sacrum Seu Religiosum,即英文版A Dictionary of All Religions,Ancient and Modern,Whether Jewish,Pagan,Christian,or Mahometan.
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1705990854 (33) Bibliotheca Historico-Sacra,即An Historical Library of the Principal Matters Relating to Religion,Ancient and Modern;Pagan,Jewish,Christian,and Mohammedan.
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1705990856 (34) A Dictionary of All Religions and Religious Denominations,Jewish,Heathen,Mahometan and Christian,Ancient and Modern,1784年出第一版,1817年出第四版。
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1705990858 (35) The Religious World Displayed,or A View of the Four Grand Systems of Religion,Judaism,Paganism,Christianity and Mohammedanism.Robert Adams 主张:“宗教世界可分为以下四大系统:犹太教Judaism、异教Paganism、基督教、穆罕默德主义Mahommedeism。犹太教期待救世主弥赛亚实现其承诺。异教徒指没有认识到神而仍然崇拜偶像者。基督徒指那些相信救世主已经到来,耶稣基督即是救世主弥赛亚的人。而穆罕默德主义者指那些认为穆哈默德是预言家的人。”见Robert Adam,The Religious World Displayed,or A View of the Four Grand Systems of Religion,Judaism,Paganism,Christianity and Mohammedanism;And of the Various Existing Denominations,Sects and Parties,in the Christian World;To which is Subjoined,a View of Deism and Atheism,Edinburgh:Printed by James Ballantyne for Longman,Hurst,Rees,and Orme,1808,Vol.3;参见Tomoko Masuzawa,The Invention of World Religions,or How European Universalism was Preserved in the Language of Pluralism,Chicago:The University of Chicago Press,2005,p.49,ft 28.
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1705990860 (36) A History of All Religions,as Divided into Paganism,Mahometanism,Judaism and Christianity.
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1705990862 (37) 参见Tomoko Masuzawa,The Invention of World Religions,or How European Universalism was Preserved in the Language of Pluralism,p.60.Calmet的书首先在1712年出版,题为Dictionnaire historique,critique,chronologique,géographique et littéral de la Bible:Enrichi d’un grand nombre de figures en taille-douce,qui représent les antiquitez judaïques,Paris:Eméry père Eméry fils,Saugrain äîné,P.Martin,1712;1732年首次被译成英文,在伦敦出版;1827年出了第四版英文版,题为 Grand Dictionary of the Holy Bible:Historical,Critical,Geographical,and Etymological;Wherein Are Explained the Proper Names in the Old and New Testaments;The Natural Productions,Animals,Vegetables,Minerals,Stones,Gems,&.;The Antiquities,Habits,Buildings,and Other Curiosities of the Jews;With a Chronological History of the Bible,the Jewish Calendar,Tables of the Hebrew Coins,Weights,Measures,&.,London:B.J.Holdsworth,1827.
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1705990864 (38) Immanuel Wallerstein et al.,Open the Social Sciences:Report of the Gulbenkian Commission on the Restructuring of the Social Sciences,Stanford:Stanford University Press,1996,pp.9-14.
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1705990866 (39) Tomoko Masuzawa,The Invention of World Religions,or How European Universalism was Preserved in the Language of Pluralism,pp.15-18.
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1705990868 (40) Nicolas B.Dirks,“Colonialism and Culture,”introduction to Colonialism and Culture,edited by Nicolas B.Dirks,Ann Arbor:University of Michigan Press,1992,p.9.
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