1706282730
[15]C ha r le s J. S ti l lé, Hi s to r y o f t he U ni te d S ta te s Sani ta r y Co m mi s sion (Ne w Yo r k: Hurd & Houghton, 1868), p. 451; George M. Fredrickson, The Inner Civil War: Northern Intellectuals and the Crisis of the Union (New York: Harper & Row, 1965), chap. 7; Judith Ann Giesberg, Civil War Sisterhood: The U.S. Sanitary Commission and Women’s Politics in Transition (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 2000); Jeanie Attie, Patriotic Toil
:Northern Women and the American Civil War (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1998); William Quentin Maxwell, Lincoln’s Fifth Wheel: The Political History of the United States Sanitary Commission (New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1956).
1706282731
1706282732
[16]Stillé, History of Sanitary Commission, pp. 287, 308.
1706282733
1706282734
[17]Ibid., p. 309; John Herrick to Frederick Law Olmsted, December14, 1862, Washington Hospital Directory Archives, Letters of Inquiry, Box 192.2, folder 3, U.S. Sanitary Commission Records, NYPL.
1706282735
1706282736
[18]Sanitary Reporter, January 15, 1864, p. 135.
1706282737
1706282738
[19]Stillé, History of Sanitary Commission, p. 309; Howard A. Martinto H. A. de France, July 4, 1863, John Bowne to H. A. de France, July 9, 1863, July 16, 1863, and July 21, 1863, Philadelphia Agency, Hospital Directory Correspondence, vol. 1, Box 596, U.S. Sanitary Commission Records, NYPL; H. A. de France to Jos. P. Holbrook, July 27, 1863 and July 18, 1863, Washington Hospital Directory Archives, Box 195.1, U.S. Sanitary Commission Records, NYPL.
1706282739
1706282740
[20]Richard Deering, June 13, 1864, Louisville Hospital Directory Archives, Chattanooga, Special Inquiries, April 8, 1864, to August 25, 1864, Box 284.2, folder 1, p. 58; Report of Hospital Directory, July 9, 1864, Washington Hospital Directory Archives, Box 192.3, folder 12, U.S. Sanitary Commission Records, NYPL; “The Hospital Directory”, Sanitary Commission Bulletin 1 (December 15, 1863)
:109.
1706282741
1706282742
[21]Report of Hospital Directory, July 9, 1864, Washington Hospital Directory Archives, Box 192.3, folder 12, U.S. Sanitary Commission Records, NYPL.关于伤亡数字，参见James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988), p. 742。
1706282743
1706282744
22Peter Williams to Dear Sir, March 28, 1863, Philadelphia Agency, Hospital Directory Correspondence, vol. 1, Box 596, U.S. Sanitary Commission Records, NYPL. Susannah Hampton to Dear Sir, September 14, 1863, Philadelphia Agency, Hospital Directory Correspondence, vol. 2, Box 597, U.S. Sanitary Commission Records, NYPL.
1706282745
1706282746
23Mrs. Biddy Higgins to Sir, December 16, 1863, Philadelphia Agency, Hospital Directory Correspondence, vol. 2, Box 597, U.S. Sanitary Commission Records, NYPL.
1706282747
1706282748
24John Bowne to John W. Wilson, December 17, 1863, Philadelphia Agency, Hospital Directory Correspondence, vol. 2, Box 597, U.S. Sanitary Commission Records, NYPL.
1706282749
1706282750
25Stillé, History of Sanitary Commission, pp. 310, 309.
1706282751
1706282752
26Louisiana Soldiers’ Relief Association and Hospital in the City of Richmond, Virginia (Richmond, Va.: Enquirer Book and Job Press, 1862), p. 30; Kurt O. Berends, “‘Wholesome Reading Purifies and Elevates the Man’: The Religious Military Press in the Confederacy”,in Randall M. Miller, Harry S. Stout, and Charles Reagan Wilson, eds., Religion and the American Civil War (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998), p. 147.
1706282753
1706282754
27P. Hunter to Oliver H. Middleton, July 27, 1864; Henry W. Richardsto Oliver H. Middleton, December 19, 1864; E. W. Mikell to Colonel B. H. Rutledge, June 21, 1864,均来自Middleton-Blake Papers, SCHS。
1706282755
1706282756
28Harper’s Weekly, September 3, 1864, p. 576.
1706282757
1706282758
29W. H. Fowler, Guide for Claimants of Deceased Soldiers (Richmond, Va.: Geo. P. Evans & Co., 1864), pp. 66, 17; Megan McClintock, “Civil War Pensions and the Reconstruction of Union Families”, Journal of American History 83 (September 1996): 456—480; Theda Skocpol, Protecting Soldiers and Mothers: The Political Origins of Social Policy in the United States (Cambridge; Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1992), pp. 106—107.
1706282759
1706282760
30Daily South Carolinian, May 17, 1864; W. D. Rutherford, telegramto Sallie F. Rutherford, July 6, 1862, William Drayton Rutherford Papers, SCL.
1706282761
1706282762
31Gregory Coco, Killed in Action: Eyewitness Accounts of the Last Moments of 100 Union Soldiers Who Died at Gettysburg (Gettysburg, Pa.: Thomas Publications, 1992), p. 76; Harper’s Weekly, August 1, 1863, p. 495, and September 3, 1864, p. 576.Murphey的话引自Richard F. Miller, and Robert F. Moore, The Civil War: The Nantucket Experience, Including the Memoirs of Josiah Fitch Murphey (Nantucket, Mass.: Wesco Publishing, 1994), p. 80。
1706282763
1706282764
32Louis Menand, The Metaphysical Club: A Story of Ideas in America (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2001), p. 41.
1706282765
1706282766
33Katharine Prescott Wormeley, The Other Side of War: With the Army of the Potomac. Letters from the Headquarters of the United States Sanitary Commission During thePeninsular Campaign in Virginia in 1862 (Boston: Ticknor & Co. 1889), p. 145; Clara Barton, Journal, 1863, Clara Barton Papers, LC; T. J. Weatherly Diary, 1864—1865, SCL.
1706282767
1706282768
[34]Walt Whitman, Memoranda During the War (1875; rpt. Bedford, Mass.: Applewood Books, 1993), p. 5; Edwin Haviland Miller, ed., Walt Whitman: The Correspondence (New York: New YorkUniversity Press, 1961), vol. 1, p. 59; Walt Whitman, “A Sight in Camp in the Daybreak Gray and Dim”, Civil War Poetry and Prose(New York: Dover, 1995), p. 16; Whitman, Memoranda, p. 36; M.Wynn Thomas, “Fratricide and Brotherly Love: Whitman and the CivilWar”, in Ezra Greenspan, ed., The Cambridge Companion to Walt Whitman (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995), p. 35.
1706282769
1706282770
[35]Times的话引自Thomas, “Fratricide and Brotherly Love”, pp. 32—33; James Perrin Warren, “Reading Whitman’s Postwar Poetry,” in Greenspan, ed., Cambridge Companion to Whitman, p. 46; Whitma n, Memoranda, pp. 65—67; Miller, ed., Whitman
:Correspondence, vol. 1, p. 259。
1706282771
1706282772
[36]Walt Whitman, “Come Up from the Fields Father”, in Civil War Poetry and Prose, pp. 12—14.另参见Walt Whitman, The Wound Dresser, ed. Richard Maurice Bucke (Boston: Small Maynard & Co., 1898); John Harmon McElroy, ed.,The Sacrificial Years: A Chronicle of Walt Whitman’s Experiences in the Civil War (Boston: David Godine, 1999); Roy Morris Jr., The Better Angel: Walt Whitman in the Civil War (New York: Oxford University Press, 2000)。
1706282773
1706282774
[37]O’Neal的话引自Gregory A. Coco, Gettysburg’s Confederate Dead (Gettysburg, Pa.: Thomas Publications, 2003), p. 15。
1706282775
1706282776
[38]Daily South Carolinian, July 21, 1864.这些是由这位卡罗来纳人“从里士满的报纸”抄录下来的。New York Daily News, February 5, 1864, February 4, 1864, January 8, 1864。
1706282777
1706282778
[39]Oliver Wendell Holmes, “My Hunt After ‘The Captain’”, Atlantic Monthly 10 (December 1862): 764.
1706282779
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.70628273e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]