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187 Lack of skeletons: Interview, Petersen; Steele and Powell 2002 (ten skeletons); Preston 1997:72 (interview with Owsley).
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188 八十多处福尔松和克洛维斯文化的遗迹：汉娜·沃明顿（Hannah Wormington）在其广受赞誉的1957年版《远古人在北美》（Ancient Man in North America）中列出了96处遗址。但她把其中一些列为无法确定的小型遗址，因此我回避了具体数字，而只是写到有“八十多处”（Wormington 1957）。据Grayson and Meltzer（2002）的估算，美国大陆共有76座古印第安人遗址。
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188 Cosmic-ray race: Crease and Mann 1996
:Chap. 10.
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188 Detection of organic C14 and halflife: Anderson et al. I947a, 1947b; Engelkemeier et al. 1949.
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189 First radiocarbon dates: Arnold and Libby 1949 (“seen to be,”680); Marlowe 1999.
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190 “You read books”: Libby 1991
:600.
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190 UA C14 lab and Haynes’s background: Author’s interview, Haynes; Feldman 1998.
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190 Consistency of CI4 dates: Haynes 1964.
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1706316443
190 13 500年前与12 900年前：我使用的校准源于Stuiver et al. 1998（online at http://depts.washington.edu/qil/datasets/intcal98_14c.txt）。Fiedel 1999b
:102实际上将这些校准应用到了克洛维斯文化与福尔松文化里。它们曾因数据不可靠而遭受攻击（Roosevelt, Douglas, and Brown 2002；Roosevelt 1997）。
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191 Beringia: For a general physical description, see Fiedel 1992
:46-47. Mthough now a little dated,Fiedel’s book remains one of the best expositions of the basic issues.
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191 Beringia insects: Elias 200l; Elias et al. 1996; Alfimov and Berman 200l; Colinvaux 1996.
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192 Temperature rise: Alley 2000.
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192 Ice-free corridor and 1950S investigations: e.g., Elson 1957.
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192 Pleistocene bestiary: Anderson 1984; Kurtén and Anderson 1980.
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193 13,800-11,400 years ago: Faith and Surovell 2009.
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193 “zoologically impoverished”: Wallace 1962 (vol. 1)
:149-50.
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194 Martin’s overkill thesis: Martin 1984, 1973 (“thoroughly superior predator,”“swift extermination,”972), 1967.
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194 Other extinctions: Wilson 1992
:244-53.
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195 “Paradigmatic image”Fiedel 1992
:63-84. The image is summed in Easton 199
:2 (“stout-hearted,”31).
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195 Northwest Coast salmon wars: Wilkinson 2000. The treaty language at issue (“right of taking”) is in Article 3, http://www.nwifc.wa.gov/ tribes/treaties/tmedcreek.asp.
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199 赫德利奇卡在拉森湾：丹尼的故事可以得到Bray and Killion eds. 1994中的文章的佐证。拉森湾的情况并非反常。1902年赫德利奇卡到访墨西哥索诺拉州时，当地的雅基族印第安人正在与墨西哥军队作战。在一个战场上，赫德利奇卡发现了64具新鲜的雅基族人遗体——男人、女人和儿童。他砍掉了他们的头颅，并将其装船送到了史密森尼博物院（Hrdlička 1904
:65-66）。
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201 Fifty shot down: Cited in Meltzer 1995
:22. “The shelf-life of pre-Clovis claims seems little more than a decade,”Meltzer wrote (ibid.).
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201 “Clovis police,”new Hrdlicka: Author’s interviews, Meltzer, Haynes, Thomas Dillehay; Pringle 1999 (police); Alsoszatai-Petheo 1986
:18 (new Hrdlicka); Meltzer 1989
:478-79. Clovis-firsters were attacked as the“Clovis Mafia” (Koppel 2003
:147-50). Fiedel (2000
:42-43) marshals evidence against the charges.
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