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170 Taino Letter: Columbus, C., to Santangel, L.D., 14 Mar. 1493, trans. A. B. Hart and E. Channing, in Eliot ed. 1909-14, online at http://www.bartleby .corn/43/2.html.
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172 Test of divinity: Benzoni 1857
:77.
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172 Motecuhzoma and Spanish“gods”Restall 2003
:108-20. For an example of the story, see Prescott 2000
:171-73; Tuchman 1984
:11-14 (“wooden,”14).
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172 Northeast and supernatural powers: Trigger 1991.
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172 Choctaw and Zuni origins: Cushman 1999
:199; Bunzel 1932.
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173 “mountains of Ararat”: Genesis 8:4 (King James version).
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173 Christian befuddlement: Hallowell 1960.
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173 José de Acosta wrestles with question: Acosta 2002
:51-74 (“contradict Holy Writ,”“‘Europe or Asia,”61; “must join,”63; refutation of Lost Tribes theory 71-72).
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174 可能的祖先群体：Wauchope 1962
:3。这些可能群体的完整名单甚至比这还要长，但我们应当使威尔士人处于突出地位，因为威尔士人起源说在过去两百年间已经积攒了大量人气。在刘易斯和克拉克开始他们穿越大陆的旅程之时，托马斯·杰斐逊曾试图把二人介绍给一名来自威尔士，在美洲苦苦找寻误入歧途的，说威尔士语的白种印第安人群体的人士（Letter, Jefferson, T., to Lewis, M., 22 Jan. 1804, available from the Library of Congress at http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/mtj:
@field(DOCID+
@LIT(je00060))。另见Williams 1949a, 1949b。在此前的一篇文章里（Mann 2002c），我曾错误地写道，杰斐逊自己曾命令二人前去寻找威尔士印第安人。
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175 Ussher’s calculation: Ussher 1658:i (23 Oct. 2004); 68 (721 B.C.).
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176 厄舍的权威：White 1898
:Chap. 6（“他得出的这一日期”）。一部当代史书认为，尽管极少人赞同厄舍年代表的“确切细节”，其训诫把握住了“人类历史的总体思想”（Daniel and Renfrew 1986
:22）。
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176 欧洲更新世遗迹的发现：Grayson 1983。我把这个故事给多少简化了一下。1858年时，包括查尔斯·莱尔爵士在内的英国地质学家在某座英格兰洞穴中发现了工具和更新世时期的化石。21年以前，法国海关官员兼业余科学家雅克·鲍彻·德·克雷弗克·德·佩尔特斯在法国北部的阿布维利附近做出了内容相似，但规模更大的发现。佩尔特斯对这一发现的宣布遭遇了嘲笑，其中有些正是来自于莱尔的。在英国人的发现之后一年，莱尔和其他科学家到访阿布维利，并且判定克雷弗克·德·佩尔特斯一直都是正确的；他们发布了可谓恳切的公开道歉函。自那时起，科学界在支持人类更早起源上达成了共识。
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176 Abbott’s finds, proselytizing: Abbott 1876 (“driven,”72); 1872a (“so primitive,”146); 1872b.
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177 Bureau of American Ethnology: Meltzer 1994; 1993
:chaps. 3, 5; Judd 1967. The Smithsonian’s brief history of the Bureau of American Ethnology is at anthropology,si.edu/outreach/depthist.html.
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177 Holmes critique: Interview, Meltzer; Meltzer 2009
:70-74, 1992; Hough 1933.166 Abbott, McGee, and the Paleolithic Wars: Meltzer 2009
:Chap. 3; Abbott 1892a (“The stones are inspected,”345); 1892b (“scientific men of Washington,”270); 1883a (“high degree,”303); 1883b (“more ‘knowing,’”327); 1884 (“neither among,”253); Meltzer 2003; 1994
:11-12; I993
:41-50; Cultural Resource Group1996.
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180 Hrdli cka’s life work: Meltzer 1994
:12-15; 1993
:54 (“respectable antiquity”); Montagu 1944; Loring and Prokopec 1994
:26-42.
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181 “Favorable cave”: Quoted in Deuel 1967
:486.
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182 Folsom: Meltzer 2009
:82-91; Kreck 1999; Roberts 1935
:1-5.
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184 Brown’s announcement: Anon. 1928; Chamberlin 1928.
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184 Whiteman: Anon. 2003; McMavy 2003; Cotter and Boldurian 1999
:1-10.
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185 “driving mania”: Eiseley 1975
:99.
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186 Discovery of Clovis culture: Cotter 1937; Roberts 1937.
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