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[28]Observer,22 June 1986,quoted in Hopkins,James K. Into the Heart of the Fire:The British in the Spanish Civil War. Stanford,CA:Stanford University Press,1998.,p.189.
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[29] Gurney,Jason. Crusade in Spain. London:Faber and Faber,1974.,p.101.
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[30] Gurney,Jason. Crusade in Spain. London:Faber and Faber,1974.,p.108.
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[31] Judith Cook,Apprentices of Freedom(London:Quartet,1979),p.4,quoted in Hopkins,James K. Into the Heart of the Fire:The British in the Spanish Civil War. Stanford,CA:Stanford University Press,1998.,p.189.
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[32] Gurney,Jason. Crusade in Spain. London:Faber and Faber,1974.,pp.113-114.
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[33] 12 March 1937,Records of the Department of State,Central files:Spain,file 852.2221,Record Group 59,National Archives microfilm.
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[34] 2 April 1937,Frank Aydelotte Papers,Box 62,Folder 909.
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[35] Cordell Hull to Joseph Selligman(Sr.),5 April 1937;Thurston to State Dept.,3 April 1937.两份材料均收录在Records of the Department of State,Central files:Spain,file 852.2221,Record Group 59,National Archives microfilm。
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[36] Una Wilson,25 February 1937,in Fyrth,p.110.
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[37] Gurney,Jason. Crusade in Spain. London:Faber and Faber,1974.,pp.126-127.
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[38] RGASPI 545/6/947.
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[39] Voros,Sandor. American Commissar. Philadelphia:Chilton,1961.,pp.338,344.
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[40] Voros,Sandor. American Commissar. Philadelphia:Chilton,1961.,p.322.
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[41] Harry Meloff to Mim Sigel,6 May 1937,in Nelson and Hendricks,p.145;Voros,Sandor. American Commissar. Philadelphia:Chilton,1961.,p.437.
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[42] Unpublished memoir,p.60,Vaughn Love Papers,ALBA 243.
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[43] 16-17 February 1937.
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[44] Merriman Diary,19 February 1937.
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[45] Frank Ryan,The Book of the XV Brigade(Madrid:Commissariat of War,1938),p.74.
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[46] Lerude,Warren,and Marion Merriman. American Commander in Spain:Robert Hale Merriman and the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. Reno:University of Nevada Press,1986.,p.52.
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[47] Lerude,Warren,and Marion Merriman. American Commander in Spain:Robert Hale Merriman and the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. Reno:University of Nevada Press,1986.,p.75.
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西班牙在我们心中:西班牙内战中的美国人,1936-1939 [
:1706422433]
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西班牙在我们心中:西班牙内战中的美国人,1936-1939 7 1860年代的步枪
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1706424008
在1930年代后期的所有国家中,苏联的武器装备可称得上是最不协调的:最新式的武器被生产线源源不断地制造出来,但还有一大批各式各样、历史更加久远的装备堆满了这个巨大国家遍布各地的军械库。有些武器是十月革命爆发前的沙皇俄国遗留下来的,有些是沙俄军队在一战爆发初期从装备更加破败的奥匈帝国军队手中缴获的。更多的装备则是1918~1921年苏俄内战期间白军遗留的,这些装备由美国、英国、加拿大、法国、意大利和日本等国提供,都是各个国家的自用装备。
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1706424010
尽管佛朗哥的宣传机构就斯大林向共和军提供武器这一事实大肆进行宣传攻击,但国民军其实并不知道,在这些被他们吹捧上天的苏联武器中,有一部分几乎是没法正常使用的。直到半个多世纪之后,得益于莫斯科档案馆开放了更多有关当时情况的资料,英国军事史学家杰拉德·豪森(Gerald Howson)才发现了更多与此相关的细节。
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