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[56] Ritter,S. 1995 Hercules in der römischen Kunst von den Anfängen bis Augustus. Heidelberg,27-29.这一象征对于凯旋的罗马将军而言,还有着个人渊源,其中一位凯旋之将是费边家族的一位成员。盖乌斯·费边(Gaius Fabius)与另一位执政官昆图斯·奥古鲁尼乌斯(Quintus Ogulnius)都可以宣称他们的家族与钱币上的肖像人物罗慕路斯和雷穆斯有关系。费边家族据说是坚定支持雷穆斯的一群牧人的后代(Ovid,Fasti [The Festivals],ed. & tr. J. Frazer. Cambridge,Mass.,1931,2.361,2.375)。对于奥古鲁尼乌斯而言,狼与双胞胎的图案记录了他一生中最美好的时刻之一:在近三十年前,他成功地审判了几个令人憎恶的放高利贷者。一部分罚金被用于委托他人铸造一组雕像,用于展现婴儿时代的罗慕路斯与雷穆斯被母狼哺育的场景(Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,10.23)。
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[57] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.10.1-2;Zonaras,Epitome of History,ed. L. Dindorf. Leipzig,1868-75;tr. T. Banchich & E. Lane. London,2009,8.6,8.8;Diodorus Siculus,The Library of History,ed. & tr. C. Oldfather et al. 12 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1960-67,22.13.5-7;Lazenby,J. F. 1996 The First Punic War:A Military History. London,35-37.
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[58] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.10.7-9.
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[59] Eckstein,A. M. 1987 Senate and General:Individual Decision-Making and Roman Foreign Relations 264-194 B.C. Berkeley,76-77.
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[60] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.10.3-1.11.4;Lazenby,J. F. 1996 The First Punic War:A Military History. London,37-41.
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[61] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.11.4-5;Diodorus Siculus,The Library of History,ed. & tr. C. Oldfather et al. 12 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1960-67,23.1.3-4.;Zonaras,Epitome of History,ed. L. Dindorf. Leipzig,1868-75;tr. T. Banchich & E. Lane. London,2009,8.8-9;Lazenby,J. F. 1996 The First Punic War:A Military History. London,43-46.
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[62] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.11.4-5;Diodorus Siculus,The Library of History,ed. & tr. C. Oldfather et al. 12 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1960-67,23.1.3-4.;Zonaras,Epitome of History,ed. L. Dindorf. Leipzig,1868-75;tr. T. Banchich & E. Lane. London,2009,8.8-9;Lazenby,J. F. 1996 The First Punic War:A Military History. London,43-46.
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[63] Diodorus Siculus,The Library of History,ed. & tr. C. Oldfather et al. 12 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1960-67,23.1.4.
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[64] Zonaras,Epitome of History,ed. L. Dindorf. Leipzig,1868-75;tr. T. Banchich & E. Lane. London,2009,8.9;Frontinus Strat. 1.4.11;Lazenby,J. F. 1996 The First Punic War:A Military History. London,49.
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[65] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.11.9,1.20.15.
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[66] Lazenby,J. F. 1996 The First Punic War:A Military History. London,49-51.
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[67] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.16;Diodorus Siculus,The Library of History,ed. & tr. C. Oldfather et al. 12 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1960-67,23.4;Lazenby,J. F. 1996 The First Punic War:A Military History. London,52-53.
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[68] Zonaras,Epitome of History,ed. L. Dindorf. Leipzig,1868-75;tr. T. Banchich & E. Lane. London,2009,8.8.2-3.
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[69] 是罗马人的贪欲导致了第一次布匿战争的爆发,相关观点见Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.11.12;Florus,Epitome of Roman History,ed. & tr. E. Forster. Cambridge,Mass.,1984,1.18。
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[70] Hoyos,B. D. 1998 Unplanned Wars:The Origins of the First and Second Punic Wars. Berlin,51-57.
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[71] Harris,W. 1979 War and Imperialism in Republican Rome:327-70 B.C. Oxford,9-53.然而,里奇(Rich)特别指出,过多地强调罗马人的好战天性是罗马卷入这一时期频频爆发的战争之中的重要原因有所不妥。埃克斯坦(2006,181-243)对罗马的军国主义思想、好战性与在外交层面的咄咄逼人倾向远远超过其竞争对手的观点表示怀疑。
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[72] Eckstein,A. M. 1987 Senate and General:Individual Decision-Making and Roman Foreign Relations 264-194 B.C. Berkeley,92.
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[73] 尽管罗马史学家李维(Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,14;21.10.8)间接提到过这份协议,研究弗吉尔诗歌的学者塞维鲁斯(Aen.4.628)也有类似言论,但波利比乌斯(3.26)激烈地否定它的存在。对公元前306年协议并不存在这一观点的论证见Lazenby,J. F. 1996 The First Punic War:A Military History. London,33;Eckstein,A. M. 1987 Senate and General:Individual Decision-Making and Roman Foreign Relations 264-194 B.C. Berkeley,77-78。对腓里努斯关于罗马人为协议破坏者言论的支持观点见Huss,W. 1985 Geschichte der Karthager. Munich,204-206;Lancel,S. 1995 Carthage:A History,tr. Antonia Nevill. Oxford,362;Barcelo 1988,140-141;Serrati,J. 2006 ‘Neptune’s Altars:The Treaties between Rome and Carthage(509-226 B.C.)’,Classical Quarterly《古典学季刊》,120-129。
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[74] Lazenby,J. F. 1996 The First Punic War:A Military History. London,33.
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[75] Eckstein,A. M. 1987 Senate and General:Individual Decision-Making and Roman Foreign Relations 264-194 B.C. Berkeley,93-101.
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[76] Hoyos,B. D. 1998 Unplanned Wars:The Origins of the First and Second Punic Wars. Berlin,4-32.
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[77] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.5.1,39.8.4;Walbank,F. W. 2002 Polybius,Rome,and the Hellenistic World:Essays and Reflections. Cambridge,172-173.
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[78] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.20.12.
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