打字猴:1.706551677e+09
1706551677
1706551678 [23] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.74.6-7。
1706551679
1706551680 [24] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.73.1-1.75.2。
1706551681
1706551682 [25] 关于这场战役的详细记载见Hoyos,B. D. 2007 Truceless War:Carthage’s Fight for Survival,241-237 BC. Leiden,115-124。
1706551683
1706551684 [26] 有关纳瓦拉斯的更多信息见Hoyos,B. D. 2007 Truceless War:Carthage’s Fight for Survival,241-237 BC. Leiden,146-150。
1706551685
1706551686 [27] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.75.1-1.78.9.
1706551687
1706551688 [28] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.78.10-1.80.13。
1706551689
1706551690 [29] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.81.1-1.82.10。
1706551691
1706551692 [30] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.83.1-11。
1706551693
1706551694 [31] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.83.6-8,3.28.3-4;Appian,Roman History [inc. Civil Wars],ed. & tr. H. White. 4 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1912-13,5.2.3,8.12.86;Zonaras,Epitome of History,ed. L. Dindorf. Leipzig,1868-75;tr. T. Banchich & E. Lane. London,2009,8.18;Hoyos,B. D. 1998 Unplanned Wars:The Origins of the First and Second Punic Wars. Berlin,123-126。阿庇安宣称的罗马人也派人前往北非调停的说法,很可能并不真实(Hoyos,B. D. 2007 Truceless War:Carthage’s Fight for Survival,241-237 BC. Leiden,129)。并没有证据支持霍约斯(1998,125)的罗马同意缩减迦太基应付赔款的数目或延长支付期限的观点。
1706551695
1706551696 [32] Crawford,M. 1985 Coinage and Money under the Roman Republic:Italy and the Mediterranean Economy. London,41-43,106-109;Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.58.7-1.59.1.
1706551697
1706551698 [33] Hoyos,B. D. 1998 Unplanned Wars:The Origins of the First and Second Punic Wars. Berlin,126.
1706551699
1706551700 [34] 对这种含砷的铜合金质钱币的研究见Carradice,I. A.,& La Niece,S. 1998 ‘The Libyan War and Coinage:A New Hoard and the Evidence of Metal Analysis’,Numismatic Chronicle,41-45。
1706551701
1706551702 [35] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.84.1-1.85.7. Hoyos,B. D. 2007 Truceless War:Carthage’s Fight for Survival,241-237 BC. Leiden,197-218重现了在索尔发生的事件。
1706551703
1706551704 [36] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.86.1-6.
1706551705
1706551706 [37] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.87.1-1.88.7。
1706551707
1706551708 [38] 与前文提到的三人委员会成员之一不是同一人。
1706551709
1706551710 [39] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.79.1-7;Hoyos,B. D. 2007 Truceless War:Carthage’s Fight for Survival,241-237 BC. Leiden,154-159。
1706551711
1706551712 [40] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.79.9-10.非洲和萨丁尼亚的叛军都用三穗谷作为其货币上的图案,但这种图案并未在迦太基的货币上被发现(Visonà,P. 1992 ‘Carthaginian Bronze Coinage in Sardinia’,in Hackens & Moucharte(eds.)1992,125-126;Carradice,I. A.,& La Niece,S. 1988 ‘The Libyan War and Coinage:A New Hoard and the Evidence of Metal Analysis’,Numismatic Chronicle,38-39),这表明那两股力量之间有某些联系。
1706551713
1706551714 [41] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.88.8-12,3.10.3-5.
1706551715
1706551716 [42] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,3.28.1-2;Champion,C. 2004 Cultural Politics in Polybius’ Histories. Berkeley,119-120。
1706551717
1706551718 [43] Zonaras,Epitome of History,ed. L. Dindorf. Leipzig,1868-75;tr. T. Banchich & E. Lane. London,2009,8.18;Appian,Roman History [inc. Civil Wars],ed. & tr. H. White. 4 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1912-13,6.1.4,8.1.5.后世的其他罗马史学家认为萨丁尼亚只是被割让给罗马而已(Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,21.40.5,22.54.11)。罗马与迦太基之间于公元前3世纪30年代发生了一系列新的对抗的说法缺乏证据,相关观点见Hoyos,B. D. 1998 Unplanned Wars:The Origins of the First and Second Punic Wars. Berlin,134-135。
1706551719
1706551720 [44] Harris,W. 1979 War and Imperialism in Republican Rome:327-70 B.C. Oxford,192-193;Huss,W. 1985 Geschichte der Karthager. Munich,266-267与霍约斯(1998,142)的看法相反,霍约斯认为这是保护西西里(可能还有意大利)的手段。
1706551721
1706551722 [45] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.88.9.
1706551723
1706551724 [46] Hoyos,B. D. 1998 Unplanned Wars:The Origins of the First and Second Punic Wars. Berlin,142.
1706551725
1706551726 [47] Hoyos,B. D. 1998 Unplanned Wars:The Origins of the First and Second Punic Wars. Berlin,135。
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