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24 Bix, p. 353.
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25 David Bergamini, Japan’s Imperial Conspiracy, New York, 1971, vol. 2, p. 908; Iriye, Origins, pp. 76—77; Spotswood, pp. 32—34.
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26 John P. Fox, Germany and the Far Eastern Crisis 1931—1938. A Study in Diplomacy and Ideology, Oxford, 1982, ch. 10; Hartmut Bloß, ‘Deutsche Chinapolitik im Dritten Reich’, in Manfred Funke (ed.), Hitler, Deutschland und die Mächte. Materialien zur Außenpolitik des Dritten Reichs, Düsseldorf, 1978, pp. 419—423.
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27 Sheffield University Library, Wolfson Microfilm 431, Diary of Marquis Kido Koichi (American translation of extracts for use in the Tokyo War Crimes Trials), doc. no. 1632BB (1), 22.8.39. For Kido, see Bix, pp. 370—371; and Toland, The Rising Sun,p. 79.
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28 Iriye, Origins, p. 81; Nish, p. 231.
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29 Iriye, Origins, pp. 83—84.
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30 James William Morley (ed.), The Fateful Choice. Japan’s Advance into Southeast Asia, 1939—1941, New York, 1980 (translated essays by Hosoya Chihiro on ‘Northern Defence’, Nagaoka Shinjiro on ‘Economic Demands on the Dutch East Indies’, Hata Ikuhiko on ‘The Army’s Move into Northern Indochina’, Nagaoka Shinjiro on ‘The Drive into Southern Indochina and Thailand’ and Tsunoda Jun on ‘The Navy’s Role in the Southern Strategy’, based upon Japanese documentation),p. 121.
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31 Gordon, pp. 92—93; Misawa Shigeo and Minomiya Saburo, ‘The Role of the Diet and Political Parties’, in Borg and Okamoto, Pearl Harbor as History, pp. 321—324.
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32 Shigeo and Saburo, pp. 324—326; Gordon, pp. 126—131, 162—173, 187—189.
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33 Gordon, p. 333.
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34 Gordon, p. 193.
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35 Shigeo and Saburo, pp. 326—327.
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36 Eugene Sathre, ‘Communication and Conflict: Japanese Foreign Policy leading to the Pacific War’, unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Minnesota, 1978,pp. 43—50.
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37 The above all based upon Nobutaka Ike (ed.), Japan’s Decision for War. Records of the 1941 Policy Conferences, Stanford, Calif., 1967, pp. xv—xix. See also Butow, pp. 149—150.
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38 Ike, p. xviii; F. C. Jones, Japan’s New Order in East Asia. Its Rise and Fall, 1937—45, Oxford, 1954, pp. 7—9.
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39 Nazli Choucri, Robert C. North and Susumu Yamakage, The Challenge of Japan before World War II and After, London/New York, 1992, p. 165.
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40 Bix, pp. 10—11; Jones, pp. 11—12.
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41 Lesley Connors, The Emperor’s Adviser. Saionji Kinmochi and Pre-War Japanese Politics, London, 1987, pp. 186—199.
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42 Iriye, Origins, pp. 86—87, 99—100.
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43 Yoshitake Oka, Konoe Fumimaro. A Political Biography, Tokyo, 1983, pp. 10—13. 关于近卫早期的职业生涯和他的思想发展，参见 Seiichi，第 66—68 页。
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44 Oka, pp. 36—38.
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45 Toland, The Rising Sun, p. 73.
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46 Oka, pp. 46—47; Murakami Hyoe and Thomas J. Harper (eds.), Great Historical Figures of Japan, Tokyo, 1978, p. 299.
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47 Oka, pp. 75, 78.
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48 Bix, pp. 344—346.
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