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10 Moshe Lewin, The Making of the Soviet System. Essays in the Social History of Interwar Russia, New York, 1985, pp. 308—309.
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11 Quoted in Montefiore, p. 197.
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12 Moshe Lewin, The Soviet Century, London, 2005, pp. 100—104.
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13 Lewin, The Soviet Century, pp. 100, 106—107.
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14 Roger R. Reese, ‘The Red Army and the Great Purges’ in Getty and Manning,pp. 199, 210.
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15 Reese, p. 213; Bernd Bonwetsch, ‘Stalin, the Red Army, and the “Great Patriotic War”’, in Ian Kershaw and Moshe Lewin (eds.), Stalinism and Nazism. Dictatorships in Comparison, Cambridge, 1997, p. 187.
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16 Lew Besymenski, Stalin und Hitler. Das Pokerspiel der Diktatoren, Berlin, 2004,p. 96; slightly differing figures in Volkogonov, p. 368, and Gabriel Gorodetsky, Grand Delusion. Stalin and the German Invasion of Russia, New Haven/London, 1999,p. 115.
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17 Montefiore, p. 29.
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18 Richard Overy, The Dictators. Hitler’s Germany and Stalin’s Russia, London, 2004, p. 469; Montefiore, p. 197.
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19 Tucker, pp. 433—434.
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20 Besymenski, p. 96.
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21 Besymenski, pp. 97—98.
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22 Volkogonov, p. 369; Lewin, The Soviet Century, p. 110.
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23 Gregor Suny, ‘Stalin and his Stalinism. Power and Authority in the Soviet Union’, in Kershaw and Lewin, pp. 26—27.
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24 Quoted in Overy, Dictators, p. 64.
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25 Tucker, p. 439.
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26 Overy, Dictators, p. 65.
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27 Montefiore, p. 29; Evan Mawdsley, The Stalin Years. The Soviet Union, 1929—1953, Manchester, 1998, p. 17.
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28 Watson, p. 146.
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29 Lewin, The Soviet Century, pp. 86—87.
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30 Quoted in Service, p. 383. 关于官僚机构的扩张，参见 Moshe Lewin，“Bureaucracy and the Stalinist State”，in Kershaw and Lewin，第 62—66 页。
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31 Tucker, p. 595; Geoffrey Roberts, Unholy Alliance. Stalin’s Pact with Hitler, London, 1989, pp. 128—129; Watson, pp. 153—157.
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32 Albert L. Weeks, Stalin’s Other War. Soviet Grand Strategy 1939—1941, Lanham, Md., 2002, p. 108.
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33 Roberts, Unholy Alliance, p. 34.
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34 A. J. P. Taylor, The Origins of the Second World War, Harmondsworth, 1964, p. 76.
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