打字猴:1.70738177e+09
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1707381771 1 本章是拙著《蒙古战争艺术》(The Mongol Art of War,Barnsley,Yorkshire,2007)一书的浓缩版。
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1707381775 2 John of Plano Carpini,‘History of the Mongols’,in The Mission to Asia,trans. a nun from Stanbrook Abbey,ed. Christopher Dawson(Toronto,1980),p. 46.
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1707381779 3 1 英里约合 1.6 千米。——译者
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1707381783 4 Marco Polo,The Travels,trans. Ronald Lathem(New York,1958),pp. 206-208;Marco Polo,The Travels of Marco Polo,trans. Henry Yule(New York,1992),pp. 158-160.
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1707381787 5 Oliver of Paderborn,‘The Capture of Damietta’,trans. Joseph J. Gavigan,in Christian Society and the Crusades, 1198-1229,ed. Edward Peters(Philadelphia,PA,1971),pp. 90,123-124.
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1707381791 6 同上,p. 91。
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1707381795 7 Matthew Paris,Chronica Majora(London, 1873),vol. IV,pp. 337-344;Malcolm Barber and Keith Bate,Letters from the East: Crusaders, Pilgrims and Settlers in the 12th-13th Centuries(Aldershot,Surrey,2010),pp. 143-146.
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1707381799 8 海廷战役发生于 1187 年,此处的 1189 年疑为 1187 年之讹。——译者
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1707381803 9 学者们在讨论“马穆鲁克”时,一般以首字母大写的方式表示马穆鲁克苏丹国的统治集团马穆鲁克人,而首字母小写则表示伊斯兰世界特有的军事奴隶机构马穆鲁克。
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1707381807 10 今译阿卡。——译者
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1707381811 11 Peter Jackson,The Mongols and the West(Harlow,2005),pp. 95-97,103-105.
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1707381815 12 A. Rahman Zaky,‘Introduction to the Study of Islamic Arms and Armour’,Gladius,I(1961),p. 17.
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1707381819 13 亦黑塔和提马尔是士兵与官员的食邑。与欧洲的封地不同,拥有者实际上并不统治提马尔,只是得到收入。它们可以是村庄、市场、果园或者实质上任何产生赋税的地区。
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