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图317 1998年5月20日,印度总理瓦杰帕伊在参观印度进行了五次核试验的实验场时受到印度妇女的夹道欢迎。瓦杰帕伊说,印度愿意“不惜一切代价”保卫国家安全。(图中标语为:我们为核试验感到骄傲。——译者注)
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图318 在印度于同月稍早时间进行过核试验之后,巴基斯坦也进行了五次核试验。1998年5月29日,在新德里发生了反核游行,质疑了印度的新力量。(图中标语为:没有水,没有电,没有工作,没有问题——我们有炸弹。——译者注)
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这些标语说明了印度人对政府进行核试验的不同反应。这种不同支持了爱因斯坦的论点,即人类不应“听任那残酷、自作自受的命运来摆布”。换句话说,21世纪并不是预先注定的,它将是我们创造的样子。这一结论得到了以下事实的支持:印度和巴基斯坦的示威者成功地说服了他们的政府在1998年9月宣布,它们将签署一个禁止核试验的国际条约。[22]
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[注释]
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[1]C. Sagan, Pale Blue Dot(兰登书屋,1994);and The Demon-Haunted World(兰登书屋,1995).
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[2]Business Ethics(March-April 1992), p. 30.
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[3]CBS Television Network, “The Twenty-First Century,” May 21,1967.
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[4]Los Angeles Times, November 5,1989;New York Times, December 8,1992.
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[5]Cited in J. Rifkin, The End of Work(Putnam,1995), p. 222.
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[6]Ibid.,p. 186.
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[7]Worldwatch Institute Report, State of the World,1997(W. W. Norton,1997), p. 123.
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[8]A. Bandura, Aggression(Prentice Hall,1973), pp. 113,322.
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[9]G. Lenski, Human Societies:An Introduction to Macrosociology(McGraw-Hill,1974).
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[10]United Nations Human Development Report 1994(Oxford University,1994), p. 35.
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[11]Hunger in America. The Growing Epidemic(Harvard University School of Public Health,1985), pp. xiii,xiv.
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[12]M. Kaku, “Apocalypse When?” Guardian(November 20,1991), p. 11.
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[13]Cited in A. Pacey, The Culture of Technology(MIT,1983), pp. 114-115,178-179.
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[14]M. E. Clark, “Meaningful Social Bonding as a Universal Human Need,” in J. Burton,ed., Human Needs Theory and Conflict Prevention,[sic](St. Martin’s). More details on this subject are available in the important study by M. E. Clark, Ariadne’sThread(St. Martin’s,1989).
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[15]New York Times, July 29,1993.
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[16]Los Angeles Times, August 31,1997.
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[17]Frank Riessman,Director of National Self-Help Clearinghouse,cited in the New York Times, July 16,1988.
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[18]Cited in H. S. Commager, “The Revolution as a World Ideal,” Saturday Review(December 13,1975), p. 13.
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[19]New York Times, June 25,1987.
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