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[24]Ibid.,149.
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[25]Martin Fiskesjö,“On the‘Raw’and the‘Cooked’Barbarians of Imperial China,”InnerAsia 1(1999):139-168.
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[26]Heather Peters,“Tattooed Faces and Stilt Houses:Who Were the Ancient Yue?”in Victor Mair ed.,Sino-PlatonicPapers no.17(1990):1-27.
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[27]译者注:据江应梁《傣族史》(四川民族出版社,1983),泰国学者的考古发现证实,泰族在四千年前就已在中南半岛活动,并非从中国南方迁入或被汉人驱赶至此;侗族虽然也属于侗泰语族,但并不属于泰语支,而属于侗水语支。
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[28]E.G.Pulleyblank,“The Chinese and Their Neighbors in Prehistoric and Early Historic Times,”in TheOriginsofChineseCivilization,ed.Keightley,411-466.
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[29]Lothar von Falkenhausen,ChineseSocietyintheAgeofConfucius(1000-250 BC):TheArcheologicalEvidence(Los Angeles,CA:Cotsen Institute of Archeology,University of California-Los Angeles,2006),ch.5.
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[30]Stephen F.Sage,AncientSichuanandtheUnificationofChina(Albany,NY:State University of New York Press,1992),35.
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[31]Von Falkenhausen,ChineseSocietyintheAgeofConfucius,240,244-252.
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[32]Brian Lander,Environmental Change and the Rise of the Qin Empire:A Political Ecology of Ancient North China,Ph.D.dissertation(Columbia University,2015),ch.2.关于关中本地动物的详细名单,请参阅书中第73-75页的附录“文中提到物种的学名和中文名”(Scientific and Chinese Names of Species Mentioned in the Text)。兰德尔(Lander)的研究是迄今为止对中国古代北方环境最好的重建,对我们了解中国环境史做出了重要贡献。
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[33]转引自Mark Elvin,TheRetreatoftheElephants,43。
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[34]Hsu,“The Spring and Autumn Period,”CHAC,550.
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[35]Ibid.,576.
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[36]Bray,Agriculture,161.
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[37]Shaughnessey,“Western Zhou History,”326-328.
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[38]早期周的统治者对上天是把天命授予整个王室抑或仅仅王本人存在着分歧,这场辩论以后一种说法的取胜而告终,中国的统治者从此以后也就被称为“天子”。Shaughnessey,“Western Zhou History,”315.
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[39]James Legge,TheWorksofMencius(London,UK:Trübner,1861),vol.2,156.在伊懋可的书中使用了一个稍有不同的较长的翻译,TheRetreatoftheElephants,11。译者注:《孟子·滕文公下》。
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[40]Mark Elvin,TheRetreatoftheElephants,101.
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[41]Cho-yun Hsu,AncientChinainTransition(Stanford,CA:Stanford University Press,1965),111.中译本见许倬云:《中国古代社会史论》,邹水杰译,广西师范大学出版社,2006。
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[42]Di Cosmo,AncientChinaandItsEnemies,31-32,39,45-47.中译本见狄宇宙《古代中国与其强邻》。
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[43]Donald B.Wagner,IronandSteelinAncientChina(Leiden,NL:E.J.Brill,1993),60-106,406-407.
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[44]Ibid.,258.
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[45]Barbierri-Low,ArtisansinEarlyImperialChina,98-99.
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[46]与Donald B.Wagner的私人信件交流。
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[47]Allan Rickett,Guanzi:Political,Economic,andPhilosophicalEssaysfrom EarlyChina:AStudyandTranslation(Princeton,NJ:Princeton University Press,1985),vol.1,228.译者注:《管子·八观》。
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[48]Allan Rickett,Guanzi:Political,Economic,andPhilosophicalEssaysfrom EarlyChina:AStudyandTranslation(Princeton,NJ:Princeton University Press,1985),vol.1,230.译者注:《管子·八观》。
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