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[28]Andrew C.Mertha,China’sWaterWarriors:CitizenActionandPolicy Change(Ithaca,NY:Cornell University Press,2008),99.
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[29]关于都江堰的介绍与分析,参见Mertha,China’sWaterWarriors,94-109。
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[30]长江(云南境内的上游为金沙江)折向东流;澜沧江则继续向南,全长3 000多英里,经云南出境后成为老挝和缅甸、泰国的界河并改称湄公河,再流经柬埔寨和越南南部的湄公河三角洲,最后汇入南海;怒江的中国部分长约1 250英里,经云南流入缅甸后改称萨尔温江,再经过500英里后注入马达班海湾。
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[31]UNESCO World Heritage Centre,“Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas,”http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1083.
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[32]United Nations Environment Programme,World Conservation Monitoring Center,“Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas,”www.unep-wcmc.org.
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[33]Ibid.
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[34]在这些少数民族的名称中包含着非常复杂的历史和政治因素,对此较详细的探讨可参见Jonathan Unger,“Not Quite Han:The Ethnic Minorities of China’s Southwest,”BulletinofConcernedAsianScholars 29,no.3(1997):67-98。
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[35]一个位于怒江上方,海拔1600米村庄的农作月历,可参见Nicholas K.Menzies,“Villagers’View of Environmental History,”in SedimentsofTime,eds.Elvin and Liu,120-122(中译本见刘翠溶、伊懋可主编:《积渐所至》,第192页)。
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[36]Unger,“Not Quite Han,”70.
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[37]Jonathan Unger,“Life in the Chinese Hinterlands under the Rural Economic Reforms,”BulletinofConcernedAsianScholars 22,no.2(1990):9.
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[38]Fang Zhouzi,quoted in Mertha,China’sWaterWarriors,137.
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[39]关于西部大开发战略的简要介绍,可参见Williams,BeyondGreatWalls,52。
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[40]Darrin L.Magee,NewEnergyGeographies:PowershedPoliticsandHydropowerDecisionMakinginYunnan,China(University of Washington Ph.D.thesis,2006),112-114.
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[41]关于修建第一个大型水利枢纽工程——黄河三门峡水电站反对意见被压制所造成的后果,可参见Shapiro,Mao’sWaragainstNature,62-65。
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[42]薛野、汪永晨:《备受争议的西南水电开发》,载梁从诫主编《2005年:中国的环境危局与突围》。
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[43]Mertha,China’sWaterWarriors,45-48.
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[44]Ibid.
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[45]Elisabeth Hsu,“The History of qinghao in the Chinese materiamedica,”TransactionsoftheRoyalSocietyofTropicalMedicineandHygiene no.100(2006):505-508,该文讨论了青蒿的历史以及青蒿和黄蒿的区别。
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[46]关于中国治疗疟疾药物发展历程的简要介绍,可参见Sonia Shah,TheFever:HowMalariaHasRuledHumankindfor 500,000 Years(New York,NY:Sarah Crichton Books,Farrar,Strauss and Giroux,2010),110-114;以及Randall M.Packard,TheMakingofaTropicalDisease:AShortHistoryofMalaria(Baltimore,MD:Johns Hopkins University Press,2007)。
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[47]“Nobel Prize Goes to Modest Woman Who Beat Malaria for China,”NewScientist,October 5,2015,https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21228382-000-themodest-woman-who-beat-malaria-for-china/.Accessed October 6,2015.
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[48]Magee,NewEnergyGeographies,125-155.
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[49]Mertha,China’sWaterWarriors,110-115.
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[50]Ibid.,116.
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[51]United Nations Environment Programme,World Conservation Monitoring Center,“Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas,”www.unep-wcmc.org.
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[52]UNESCO World Heritage Centre,“Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas,”http://whc.unesco,org/en/list/1083.
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