1704787416
英文疑难详解 7．用名词表动作
1704787417
1704787418
“你不能再迟疑了。”译成英文为 You cannot hesitate any more.并不为错，但有人说不如译作 No more hesitating for you.分明是一个动作，为什么要译成名词呢？
1704787419
1704787420
【解答】在表现上英文和中文最不相同的地方是英文喜欢用“无生物作主语”及“以名词表动作”。翻译时应特别注意这种不同的地方，才能译出洋味浓厚的英文来。
1704787421
1704787422
拿名词表示动作或状态的，主要是抽象名词，例如：
1704787423
1704787424
He had given up school without the knowledge of his parents.（他的父母不知道他已辍学。）〔 His parents did not know that he had given up school.〕
1704787425
1704787426
We were greatly disappointed at her absence.（她没有去，使我们大为失望。）〔 We were greatly disappointed to find that she was absent.〕
1704787427
1704787428
He is content in spite of his great poverty.（他虽则很穷，却是满足的。）〔 Though he is very poor，he is content.〕
1704787429
1704787430
We informed him of their refusal to help.（我们已告诉了他说他们拒绝援助。）〔 We informed him that they （had） refused to help.〕
1704787431
1704787432
英文采用名词也许是因为实字份量较重的缘故，凡喜怒哀惧爱恶欲七情，无一不用名词来表现，就是日常的动作，分明有动词的，他们不用动词，偏要用名词，如“演说”，不说 speak，而说 make a speech.“散步”不说 walk，而说 take a walk.“款待”不说 entertain，而说 give an entertainment.“抽烟”不说 smoke，而说 have a smoke.“访问”不说 visit，而说 pay a visit.诸如此类，不胜枚举。
1704787433
1704787434
现分下列四项来考察：
1704787435
1704787436
（1）感叹词多用名词：
1704787437
1704787438
表惊奇的叹声常用 My eye！
1704787439
1704787440
惊讶则用 My goodness！
1704787441
1704787442
失败则用 Oh，my aching back！
1704787443
1704787444
后悔则用 Shucks！
1704787445
1704787446
感谢上苍时说 Bless my stars！
1704787447
1704787448
愿获天佑时说 Bless my soul！
1704787449
1704787450
（2）日常应酬的话多用名词：
1704787451
1704787452
早上见面说 Good Morning.
1704787453
1704787454
临别说 Good Luck！
1704787455
1704787456
祝贺喜庆时说 Congratulations！
1704787457
1704787458
悼丧用 Sympathy.
1704787459
1704787460
（3）普通说话时，也常略去动词，只用名词：
1704787461
1704787462
In spite of the love of the parents for their child and their fears for her safety，they both knew that their beautiful daughter was an incredibly stupid，dull little girl.（不顾父母痛爱他们的孩子，担心她的安全，他们都知道他们那个美丽的女儿是一个极其愚笨的小女孩。）
1704787463
1704787464
One baby after another. Six children half frozen huddled in one bed. No fire in the stove.（小孩接连生出。六个孩子挤在一张床上，冻得半死。火炉里没有火。）
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.704787415e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]