打字猴:1.70478795e+09
1704787950 英文疑难详解 [:1704787005]
1704787951 英文疑难详解 19.it 的误用
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1704787953 Long ago I decided to become an air stewardess because it gives one a chance to see the world.(很久以前我就决心要做一个空中小姐,因为使人有机会看世界。)这句英文不知有无毛病?
1704787954
1704787955 【解答】这句英文是有 polish(润色)的余地的。毛病出在代名词的 it 上,前面没有可代的名词,自然它就落空了。改正的办法是把句中 it gives 二字去掉,在 one 字后加上 may have 二字就行了。这个 one 虽也是代名词,但指的是任何一个人,等于说 we,you,they,全是代表 people 一样,前面不必要有一个名词。再看下面的例句:
1704787956
1704787957 Television sets will probably never completely take the place of motion pictures,but it will undoubtedly develop into a very popular form of entertainment.(电视机多半永远不会完全取代电影,但它无疑地是会发展成为一种非常普遍的娱乐方式的。)句中的 it 应改为 they 才可代表前面的 sets 一个复数名词。
1704787958
1704787959 The problem is simply stated: Should our country allow citizens to make treasonous statements,even though they are not actually guilty of it?(把那问题简单地说:我国应否让公民发表卖国的言论,即令他们实际并未犯卖国罪。)句中的 it 不能代表前面的 statements,应改为 treason 才妥。
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1704787961 In one of the pamphlets I used it gives a chart showing the increase in the costs of government.(在我用的一本手册中,有一张图表说明政府费用的增加。)句中的 it 是突如其来的,应删去才对,同时句首的 in 也不要。
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1704787966 英文疑难详解 [:1704787006]
1704787967 英文疑难详解 20.关系代名词的误用
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1704787969 The game was scarcely under way before mud had worked into my shoulder pads which caused a raw feeling.这句英文不知应如何译法?文字上有无毛病?
1704787970
1704787971 【解答】这句英文可译作“竞赛刚一开始,烂泥就弄到我两肩的垫子中去,引起一种湿冷的感觉”。句中的关系代名词 which 一字用得不妥,因为它指的是前面的 pads,而实际引起湿冷之感的是 mud,所以应将 which 改为 and,使 caused 与前面的 worked 并立就很妥善了。
1704787972
1704787973 我们不妨再来检讨一下另外的句子:
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1704787975 In the United States enough time,energy,and money were spent to build atomic bombs that could have been used to erect new cities.(美国为着造原子弹所用去的时间、精力和金钱,足够建立好几个新的城市了。)句中关系代名词 that 是指前面的 atomic bombs,实际应指 time,energy,and money 才对,所以全句宜修正为:
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1704787977 In the United States enough time,energy and money that could have been used to erect new cities,were spent to build atomic bombs.
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1704787979 请再看:
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1704787981 Many of our most intelligent youth are not given a chance for an education which does not improve the quality of our voting citizency.(许多聪明的青年都没有接受教育的机会,由于他们的无知,而不能提高选民的素质。)句中 which 是指“教育”恰与原意相反,应将 which 改为 their illiteracy 就达意了。
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1704787986 英文疑难详解 [:1704787007]
1704787987 英文疑难详解 21.代名词应有所代表
1704787988
1704787989 “排队等上一个多钟头,结果他们说经理今天不能接见,要我们明天再去,真是使人气馁。”译作 It is surely discouraging for us to stand in line for more than one hour and then have them tell us that we can’t see the manager until tomorrow.不知对不对?
1704787990
1704787991 【解答】译文大致不差,只有 them 一字用得不太恰当,在口头说话时,用字较为随便,写成文字必须交代清楚,这个代名词 them,是代表那机关的办事人员,但在本句中前面并没有 the staff 或 office-workers 一类的复数名词,所以它无可代表,突如其来,有欠确实,应设法改正。最好不用 have them tell us 的表现法,单说一个 be told,不但意思也能表达,而且与前面的不定词一致,即 for us to stand and (to)be told,在一句话当中,不中途改变章法,文章自然流利了。全句成为:
1704787992
1704787993 It is surely discouraging for us to stand in line for more than one hour and then be told that we can’t see the manager until tomorrow.
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1704787995 现在再举出几个同样用有 reference 不明的字的句子如下:
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1704787997 We no longer cut our own Christmas trees. Now Dad stops at some place where they sell them.(我们现在不再自己去砍圣诞树了,爸爸从出卖圣诞树的店家买回来。)这句话最后的 them 一字,固然可代表 Christmas trees,但用 they 代表店家,就有些交代不明了。所以应把 sell them 二字改为 are sold,让 they 代表前面说的 Christmas trees,就完美通顺了。
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1704787999 Mother thought that every well-brought-up girl should have mastered horsemanship,but unfortunately it was discovered that I was allergic to them.(母亲认为教养好的女孩子都应当精于骑术,可是不幸发觉我是对马有敏感症的。)句中最后 them 一字要改为 horses 才交代清楚,因为前面只有 horsemanship,没有 horses,所以 them 所代表的名词落空了。
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