打字猴:1.704941143e+09
1704941143 张道真英语用法(大众珍藏版·第二版) [:1704917518]
1704941144 508 -ing Form
1704941145
1704941146 “动词的-ing形式”指动词(原形)加词尾-ing,其中包括动名词及现在分词。-ing形式中作用和名词相当的称为动名词(gerunds),其他称为现在分词(present participles)。由于现在分词这个名字不够理想(“现在”两字易引起误会),有些语法学家认为可以把两者并在一起,统称“-ing形式”。但在实际运用上,把两者加以区分是有好处的,因此多数语法学家都把它们分开处理。这里我们也分开处理。
1704941147
1704941148 动名词的用法
1704941149
1704941150 动名词主要起名词的作用,因此它可以在句中:
1704941151
1704941152 (1)作主语:
1704941153
1704941154 Smoking can cause cancer.抽烟能导致癌症。
1704941155
1704941156 Collecting stamps is a hobby of mine.集邮是我的一个爱好。
1704941157
1704941158 Walking is a good exercise.走路是很好的运动。
1704941159
1704941160 Talking mends no holes.空谈无济于事。(谚语)
1704941161
1704941162 有时可用先行词it作主语,而把作主语的动名词放到后面去:
1704941163
1704941164 It’s no good talking to him.和他谈没用。
1704941165
1704941166 Is it any good explaining all this?解释这些有用吗?
1704941167
1704941168 It’s nice being with you.和你在一起很好。
1704941169
1704941170 有时在there is后可用动名词作主语:
1704941171
1704941172 She’s made up her mind; there’s no arguing with her.她已打定主意,用不着再和她辩论。
1704941173
1704941174 There was no knowing how long he might be away.没法知道他会离开多久。
1704941175
1704941176 He’s bad-tempered; there’s no denying it, but he’s also a genius.他脾气不好,这是无可否认的,但他也是一位天才。
1704941177
1704941178 (2)作宾语:
1704941179
1704941180 Would you mind filling out this form?你可否把这张表填一下?
1704941181
1704941182 He avoided giving us a definite answer.他避免给我们作肯定的答复。
1704941183
1704941184 Has it left off (stopped) raining?雨停了吗?
1704941185
1704941186 有很多动词或动词短语能用动名词作宾语,常见的如:
1704941187
1704941188 admit appreciate avoid consider delay deny detest dislike endure enjoy escape excuse fancy feel like finish forgive give up (can’t) help imagine involve keep (on) leave off mention mind miss postpone practise put off resent resist risk stop (can’t) stand suggest understand 还有不少动词后面可跟动名词也可跟不定式作宾语,如:
1704941189
1704941190 Do you like playing (to play) chess?你喜欢下棋吗?
1704941191
1704941192 I propose making (to make) a change in the plan.我建议把计划作些改动。
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