打字猴:1.704966606e+09
1704966606 张道真英语用法(大众珍藏版·第二版) [:1704917954]
1704966607 930 Words with Alternative Spellings
1704966608
1704966609 有些词有两种拼法,现把常用的这类词列出如下:
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1704966611 acknowledgement—acknowledgment (承认) adviser—advisor (顾问) ambiance—ambience (环境,气氛) annex—annexe (附加部分) artifact—artefact (人工制品) bylaw—byelaw (地方法规) carcass—carcase (尸体,残骸) caster—castor (小脚轮,调味品架) caviar—caviare (鱼子酱) chaperone—chaperon (未婚少女的年长陪伴人) chilli—chili (甜椒,辣椒) cipher—cypher (密码,暗号) conjurer—conjuror (魔术师) connection—connexion (联系,连接) curtsy—curtsey (女子屈膝礼) dexterous—dextrous (灵巧的,熟练的) dispatch—despatch (发送,派遣) douse—dowse (浸泡,浇洒) dyke—dike (堤坝) gram—gramme (克) grandad—granddad (爷爷) granny—grannie (奶奶) guerrilla—guerilla (游击队) gypsy—gipsy (吉普赛人) hiccup—hiccough (打嗝儿) hippie—hippy (嬉皮士) hooray—hurrah—hurray (欢呼声) icon—ikon (雕像,圣像,偶像) impostor—imposter (冒名顶替者,江湖骗子) inflection—inflexion (抑扬的声调) jibe—gibe (嘲讽,嘲笑) judgement—judgment (判断) kilogram—kilogramme (公斤) likeable—likable (讨人喜欢的) liquorice—licorice (洋甘草) mackintosh—macintosh (雨衣) mantelpiece—chimneypiece (壁炉台) milligram—milligramme (毫克) movable—moveable (可移动的,活动的) Muslim—Moslem (穆斯林) nosy—nosey (爱打听的,好管闲事的) OK—okay (好,没事) phoney—phony (假的,伪造的) sheikh—sheik (阿拉伯酋长) siphon—syphon (虹吸管) swap—swop (交换) veranda—verandah (阳台,门廊) 还有少数词有两种拼法,如:
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1704966613 球拍 racket或racquet
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1704966615 监狱 jail或gaol (但美式英语中只用jail一种拼法)
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1704966617 四轮运货马车 wagon或waggon(但美式英语中只用wagon一种拼法)
1704966618
1704966619 个别词有三种不同拼法:
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1704966621 hello—hallo—hullo (招呼语)
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1704966623 yoghurt—yoghourt—yogurt (酸奶)
1704966624
1704966625 另有很多动词,可以-ize或-ise结尾,如:
1704966626
1704966627 realize—realise   civilize—civilise
1704966628
1704966629 但在美式英语中用-ize时较多。同样地由这类词构成的名词也有两种拼法,如:
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1704966631 organization—organisation   mechanization—mechanisation
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1704966633 关于英式拼法和美式拼法的不同处,可参阅美式英语一节。
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1704966635 张道真英语用法(大众珍藏版·第二版) [:1704917955]
1704966636 931 Words with the Same Pronunciation
1704966637
1704966638 英语中有许多词音同而拼法不同,现择要列出如下:
1704966639
1704966640 altar—alter /ˈɔːltə/ bass—base /beis/ bear—bare /bɛə/ erry—bury /ˈberi/ blew—blue /bluː/ boar—bore /bɔː/ born—borne /bɔːn/ bough—bow /bau/ bread—bred /bred/ break—brake /breik/ bridal—bridle /ˈbraidl/ caught—court /kɔːt/ cell—sell /sel/ cereal—serial /ˈsiəriəl/ chord—cord /kɔːd/ complement—compliment /ˈkɔmplimənt/ coarse—course /kɔːs/ core—corps /kɔː/ council—counsel /ˈkaunsl/ creak—creek /kriːk/ cue—queue /kjuː/ curb—kerb /kəːb/ currant—current /ˈkʌrənt/ cymbal—symbol /ˈsimbl/ dear—deer /diə/ dew—due /djuː/ die—dye /dai/ draught—draft /drɑːft/ earn—urn /əːn/ fare—fair /fɛə/ feat—feet /fiːt/ fir—fur /fəː/ flaw—floor /flɔː/ flea—flee /fliː/ flour—flower /ˈflauə/ fort—fought /fɔːt/ foul—fowl /faul/ gorilla—guerrilla /ɡəˈrilə/ grate—great /ɡreit/ hair—hare /hɛə/ hangar—hanger /ˈhæŋə(r)/ heal—heel /hiːl/ heard—herd /həːd/ here—hear /hiə/ heroin—heroine /ˈherəuin/ hoarse—horse /hɔːs/ hole—whole /həul/ key—quay /kiː/ knead—need /niːd/ knew—new /njuː/ knight—night /nait/ knot—not /nɔt/ know—no /nəu/ lain—lane /lein/ leak—leek /liːk/ lessen—lesson /ˈlesn/ loan—lone /ləun/ made—maid /meid/ mail—male /meil/ main—mane /mein/ maize—maze /meiz/ medal—meddle /ˈmedl/ minor—miner /ˈmainə/ moan—mown /məun/ morning—mourning /ˈmɔːniŋ/ naval—navel /ˈneivl/ none—nun /nʌn/ one—won /wʌn/ packed—pact /pækt/ pain—pane /pein/ peace—piece /piːs/ peal—peel /piːl/ pedal—peddle /ˈpedl/ peer—pier /piə/ place—plaice /pleis/ plain—plane /plein/ poll—pole /pəul/ pore—pour /pɔː/ pray—prey /prei/ principal—principle /ˈprinsəpl/ profit—prophet /ˈprɔfit/ raise—raze /reiz/ rap—wrap /ræp/ raw—roar /rɔː/ retch—wretch /retʃ/ ring—wring /riŋ/ road—rode /rəud/ role—roll /rəul/ root—route /ruːt/ sail—sale /seil/ sauce—source /sɔːs/ scene—seen /siːn/ sea—see /siː/ seam—seem /siːm/ shear—sheer /ʃiə/ sole—soul /səul/ some—sum /sʌm/ son—sun /sʌn/ stair—stare /stɛə/ stake—steak /steik/ stalk—stork /stɔːk/ stationary—stationery /ˈsteiʃənəri/ steel—steal /stiːl/ storey—story /ˈstɔːri/ tail—tale /teil/ tear—tier /tiə/ there—their /ðɛə/ threw—through /θruː/ throne—thrown /θrəun/ toe—tow /təu/ too—two /tuː/ vain—vein /vein/ wail—whale /weil/ waist—waste /weist/ wait—weight /weit/ war—wore /wɔː/ warn—worn /wɔːn/ way—weigh /wei/ week—weak /wiːk/ whether—weather /ˈweðə/ witch—which /witʃ/ whine—wine /wain/ 另外,read的现在式和reed同音,过去式与red同音;lead(铅)与lead的过去式led同音。还有不少三个词同音的情况,如:
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1704966642 awe—oar—ore /ɔː/ buy—by—bye /bai/ cent—sent—scent /sent/ cite—site—sight /sait/ flew—flu—flue /fluː/ meat—meet—mete /miːt/ pair—pare—pear /pɛə/ peak—peek—pique /piːk/ rain—reign—rein /rein/ rite—right—write /rait/ saw—soar—sore /sɔː/ so—sew—sow /səu/ ware—wear—where /wɛə/ 以上都是从英式读音看的,若从美式读音看,则情况不一定如此。一则美国人/r/音是读出来的,fort和fought的读法自然不一样。又如wh-在美式英语中都读/hw/音,wail和whale的读法也就不一样了。
1704966643
1704966644 张道真英语用法(大众珍藏版·第二版) [:1704917956]
1704966645 932 Words with Two Pronunciations
1704966646
1704966647 有不少英语单词可有两种读法,这有几种主要情况。
1704966648
1704966649 同形异义词:
1704966650
1704966651 有不少词,形式相同,意义不同,有时读音也不同,现举例如下:
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1704966653 bow /bau/ v. He bowed and left the room.他鞠了一躬,离开了房间。 /bəu/ n. They hunted with bows and arrows.他们用弓箭打猎。 lead /liːd/ v. A path leads up the hill.一条小路通向山上。 /led/ n. Lead is a heavy metal.铅是一种很重的金属。 live /liv/ v. Where does he live?他住哪儿? /laiv/ adj. We saw a live rattlesnake.我们看见一条活的响尾蛇。 minute /ˈminit/ n. Just a minute.请等一会儿。 /maiˈnjuːt/ adj. The area affected is minute.受影响的地区很小。 row /rəu/ n. They were standing in a row.他们站成一排。 /rau/ n. He had a row with his wife.他和妻子吵了一架。 sow /səu/ v. We sowed our vegetable seeds yesterday.昨天我们种下了菜子。 /sau/ n. He bought a sow in the market.他在市场上买了一头母猪。 tear /tɛə/ v. Why did you tear the letter into pieces?你为什么把信撕碎? /tiə/ n. He laughed till the tears came.他笑得眼泪都流出来了。 wind /waind/ v. The stream winds through the valley.溪流蜿蜒流过河谷。 /wind/ n. A gentle wind was blowing.吹来一阵和风。 wound /wuːnd/ v. He was wounded in the leg.他腿部受了伤。 /waund/ v. She wound a blanket round the child.她给孩子裹上一床毯子。 有些词词类转换后重音也跟着改变,如:
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1704966655 contest /ˈkɔntest/ n. Did you enter the contest?你参加比赛了吗? /kənˈtest/ v. They contested every inch of the ground.他们争夺每一寸土地。 contract /ˈkɔntrækt/ n. We made a contract with them.我们和他们订了一份契约。 /kənˈtrækt/ v. They contracted to build that bridge.他们订了合同修那座桥。 record /ˈrekɔːd/ n. Play some records of dance music, please.请放些跳舞的音乐唱片。 /riˈkɔːd/ v. The programme was recorded.节目录下来了。 suspect /ˈsʌspekt/ n. Several suspects were arrested.有几名嫌疑犯被捕。 /səˈspekt/ v. I suspected that he had been in jail.我怀疑他蹲过监狱。 这类词很多,下面是一些常见的这种词:
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