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11.6 过去进行时
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过去进行时的基本构成是：was (were) +动词的现在分词形式。
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过去进行时表示在过去的某个时间动作在进行之中。
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He noticed it was growing dark.
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他注意到天色渐渐暗下来。
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Tears of joy were flowing down her cheeks as Hafid continued.
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当哈菲得继续说下去的时候，快乐的泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。
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By the time he was eight, he was earning his own money for clothes.
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八岁的时候，他在自己挣买衣服的钱。
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11.7 过去完成时
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过去完成时的基本构成是：had+动词的过去分词形式。
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过去完成时表示到过去的某个时候为止，动作已经完成或者情况已经发生。过去完成时的突出特点是表示“过去的过去”。
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He spoke of how his life had changed forever.
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他谈到自己的生活是怎样永远地发生改变的。
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Edison had spent only three months in grade school, and had supported himself for many years as a telegrapher, but he turned his life around through definiteness of purpose.
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爱迪生只上过三个月的小学，做过多年的报务员，但他通过明确的目的改变了自己的人生。
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过去完成时常用于下列句型：It (或This, That) was the +序数词（或last）+ time (that) +过去完成时。
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That was the first time I had been in such a large event, so I was fully prepared.
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我是第一次参加这样的大型活动，所以做好了充分的准备。
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It wasn’t the first time we had risen to the challenge of risk.
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我们奋起应对危险局面不是第一次了。
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It was the second time Ole had won over a skeptical audience.
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这是第二次奥尔征服了持怀疑态度的听众。
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11.8 过去完成进行时
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