1700075690

1700075691 6.The passage reads: Malchus, ed. Bonn, p.268：“They established peace on condition that the emperor supply pay and food for 13，000 men whom Theodoric chose.”*

1700075692

1700075693 7.That this ruse was also common with the Romans, particularly in this period, is amply documented in A.A. Müller’s “Excurs zu Tacitus 1.46，”Philologus 65：306. Among other passages, Zosimus 2.33；4.27. Also in Libanius.

1700075694

1700075695 8.See Dahn, Könige 2：78，where the source passages are also indicated. Hist.misc.，p.100，and Ennod.v. Epiph.，p.390.

1700075696

1700075697 9.Recently published in Beihefte zum Militär-Wochenblatt 11（1901）.

1700075698

1700075699 10.History of the Burgundian-Roman Kingdom（Geschichte des burgundisch-römischen Königsreichs），p.323.

1700075700

1700075701 11.A very thorough treatment of this, as of the whole question, is to be found in Jahn, Geschichte der Burgunder 1：337. See also Wietersheim-Dahn 2：212.

1700075702

1700075703 12.The passages are quoted in Jahn 1：345.

1700075704

1700075705 13.Orosius 7.40.

1700075706

1700075707 14.Sidonius Apollinaris 7.7.“viribus propriis arma hostium publicorum remorati: sibi adversus vicinorum aciem tam duces fuere quam milites.”（“They held back the forces of the public enemy with their own strength. They were their own generals as well as soldiers against the army of the enemy at hand.”）Cited by Dahn 5：93.

1700075708

1700075709 15.Constit.novellae Valentin. III, title V：

1700075710

1700075711 “Ex illa sane parte totam sollicitudinem omnemque formidinem vestris animis auferendam, ut hujus edicti serie cognoscat universitas, nullum de Romanis civibus, nullum de corporatis ad militiam esse cogendum, sed tantum ad murorum portarumque custodian, quoties usus exegerit.”（New Orders of Valentinian III. Title V：“Indeed, from that side all anxiety and every fear ought to be removed from your minds, and that in consequence of this edict all should know that no Roman citizen and no member of a guild is to be forced into military service, but only to the guarding of walls and gates as need requires.”）According to Section 3，everyone was also obligated to participate in the construction and repair of the walls.

1700075712

1700075713 Title IX（440）：“ut Romani roboris confidentia et animo, quo debent propria defensare, cum suis adversus hostes, si vis exegerit, salva disciplina publica servataque ingenuitatis modestia, quibus potuerint, utantur armis, nostrasque provincias ac fortunas proprias fideli conspiratione et juncto umbone tueantur: hac videlicet spe laboris proposita, ut suum fore non ambigat, quidquid hosti victor abstulerit.”（“that, with confidence in Roman strength and the spirit in which they ought to defend their own, with their own hands against the enemy if violence demands it, with public discipline intact, and with the moderation of nobleness preserved, they should make use of what weapons they could, and they should guard our provinces and their own property with faithful unanimity elbow to elbow; that clearly in this proposed expectation of hardship it should not be in doubt that whatever the victor takes away from the enemy will be his own.”）

1700075714

1700075715 Cassiodor’s grandfather is supposed to have repelled the Vandals when they were plundering Sicily and Bruttium. Var.1.4.14，cited by Schmidt in Geschichte der Vandalen, p.71.

1700075716

1700075717 16.Procopius 1.28.

1700075718

1700075719 17.Zosimus 5.40.

1700075720

1700075721 5　民族大迁徙时期的日耳曼军队

1700075722

1700075723 1.Mommsen，“Ostgotische Studien，”Neues Archiv 14：504.

1700075724

1700075725 2.Könige der Germanen 3：3；4：61.

1700075726

1700075727 3.In the case of the East Goths, the millenarius appears only a single time, and Mommsen（“Ostgotische Studien，”Neues Archiv 14：499）has seen fit to explain the word completely differently; he relates it to millena，“hide”—hardly correctly.

1700075728

1700075729 4.There possibly even exists an etymological trace leading back from the monarchy to the leader of the Hundred. Ammianus 25.5.14，reports that among the Burgundians the kings had been called hendinos, and Wackernagel has felt justified in relating the word to “Hundred.”Other scholars, however, have explained it differently.

1700075730

1700075731 5.Dahn, Könige der Germanen 3：161，from Cassiodorus. Later, Theodoric quite generally prescribed that the soldiers might exchange their ruined carts and exhausted animals on the march with the landowners through the intermediary of a royal official, the Sajo. But the soldiers were not to put pressure on the citizens, and they were to be satisfied if in exchange for larger and better animals they received, for example, smaller but healthy ones（Dahn, Könige 3：88，from Cassiodorus. Var.5.10）.

1700075732

1700075733 6.Dahn, in Könige der Germanen 6：82，believes that, while the migrating armies of the Germanic tribes were accompanied by women, the latter could not possibly have followed the campaigns in the same numbers.

1700075734

1700075735 Where then are the Goths supposed to have left their wives and daughters?

1700075736

1700075737 7.“Walsians, some of whom already had German names, appeared individually in Ratisbon as late as the ninth century, around Ebersberg as late as the eleventh, and in the Salzburg region as late as the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.”Riezler, Geschichte Bayerns 1：51. Many Romanics settled in the Tyrol in particular.

1700075738

1700075739 The Tegernseeer Gründungsgeschichte reports that only 1.000 Bavarian knights had conquered the territory. While the legend has no validity in itself, it does reflect the continuing idea that here not only was a territory occupied but a people was subjugated.

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