打字猴:1.70064945e+09
1700649450
1700649451 第4届治疗期间艾滋病毒持续性国际研讨会的摘要与会议记录,其中包含加洛的开场白与许特尔的演讲内容。该内容载于全球抗病毒期刊网站:http://www.ihlpress.com/gaj_persistence2009.html.
1700649452
1700649453 关于福奇针对柏林病人所提出的考虑,援引自个人访谈。
1700649454
1700649455 “这很好,而且一点也不令人惊讶,但就现实层面来说实在不可能。”引述自福奇的谈话,摘录:“Rare Treatment Is Reported to Cure AIDS Patient,” New York Times (November 13,2008).
1700649456
1700649457 终身抗病毒疗程的平均花费,在没有折扣的状况下是709731美元,有折扣的状况则是425440美元。详见:“Newer drugs and earlier treatment:impact on lifetime cost of care for HIV-infected adults,” AIDS 26(2012).
1700649458
1700649459 据2011年米利曼医学指数报告的数据,如布朗接受的那种骨髓移植手术,将花费805400美元,详见:http//publications.milliman.com/research/health-rr/pdfs/2011-us-organ-tissue. pdf.
1700649460
1700649461 关于替恩依的花费,详见:“Generic HIV drugs will widen US treatment net,” Nature (August 15,2012).
1700649462
1700649463 关于HIV患者与年长者的神经生理学,详见:“Pathways to neurodegeneration:effects of HIV and aging on resting-state functional connectivity,” Neurology (2013);“Where does HIV hide?A focus on the central nervous system,” Current opinion in HIV and AIDS (2013).
1700649464
1700649465 关于HIV对于神经的侵入状况,详见:“HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder:pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities,” Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology 5(2010).
1700649466
1700649467 HIV阳性患者在发达国家的平均寿命近年来有跃升趋势,详见:“Life expectancy of individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy in high-income countries:a collaborative analysis of 14 cohort studies,” Lancet 372(2008);“Potential gains in life expectancy from reducing heart disease,cancer,Alzheimer’s disease,kidney disease or HIV/AIDS as major causes of death in the USA,” Public Health (2013).
1700649468
1700649469 早期即开始进行抗病毒治疗的患者,其平均寿命的延长状况,详见:“Projected life expectancy of people with HIV according to timing of diagnosis,” AIDS 26(2012).
1700649470
1700649471 25 兑现承诺
1700649472
1700649473 《以毒攻毒》是由考夫曼执导的一部短片,由红灯出品。详见:http://focusforwardfilms.com/films/72/fire-with-fire.
1700649474
1700649475 关于费城儿童医院所进行的CART-19临床试验的更多细节,详见他们官方网站上的内容:http://www.chop.edu/service/oncology/pediatric-cancer-research/t-cell-therapy.html;http://www.chop.edu/system/galleries/download/pdfs/articles/oncology/summit-grupp -cart19.pdf.
1700649476
1700649477 关于艾米莉·怀特海德的更多故事,详见她的网站。在网站中,她母亲卡里·怀特海德已将其经验用编年方式列出(http://emilywhitehead.com),并收录于:“In Girl’s Last Hope,Altered Immune Cells Beat Leukemia,” New York Times (December 9,2012).
1700649478
1700649479 关于朱恩的背景信息,援引自个人访谈内容。
1700649480
1700649481 关于骨髓移植与冷战的信息,引自:“Atomic Medicine:the Cold War Origins of Origins of Biological Research,” History Today 59(2009).
1700649482
1700649483 所有关于莱文的背景信息,援引自个人访谈。
1700649484
1700649485 朱恩和莱文合著了一篇文章,讲述其CCR5基因疗法的操作方法:“Blocking HIV’s attack,” Scientific American 306(2012).
1700649486
1700649487 莱文和朱恩注意到的一篇关于树突状细胞的论文:“Antiviral effect and ex vivo CD4+ T cell proliferation in HIV-positive patients as a result of CD28 co-stimulation,” Science 272(1996).
1700649488
1700649489 关于兰菲尔的背景信息,援引自个人访谈。
1700649490
1700649491 关于锌指核酸酶(ZFN)的开发与应用,可进一步参见:“Zinc finger nucleases:custom-designed molecular scissors for genome engineering of plant and mammalian cells,” Nucleic Acids Research 33(2005).
1700649492
1700649493 关于SIV、HIV,可进一步参见:“Where the wild things are:pathogenesis of SIV infection in African nonhuman primate hosts” HIV\AIDS Reports 7(2010)以及“Natural SIV hosts:showing AIDS the door,” Science 335(2012).
1700649494
1700649495 关于SIV已经演化超过32000年的证据,详见:“Islander biogeography reveals the deep history of SIV,” Science 329(2010).
1700649496
1700649497 关于SIV感染,发病猴与不发病猴的模型比较,详见:“AIDS pathogenesis:a tale of two monkeys,” Journal of Medical Primatology 37(2008).
1700649498
1700649499 关于人类与黑鼠B6之间基因型的相似度,详见:“Of Mice and Men:Striking Similarities at the DNA Level Could Aid Research,” San Francisco Chronicle (December 5,2002).
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