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[2] Gerontius,VL 21.4,Laurence,p. 194. 罗马人对这种地产的看法参见Frontinus,De controversiis agrorum 2。关于Valerii等家族的地产,参见S. Panciera,“Ancora sulla famiglia senatoria ‘africana’ degli Aradii,” Africa Romana 2 (1986):547-72。
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[3] Gerontius VG 21,Gorce,p. 172,Clark,p. 44;VL 20.3,p. 194.
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[4]Letter 126.1. (在本章和接下来的三章中,为了节约篇幅,凡不标明作者的引用都是来自奥古斯丁的著作。)
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[5]Letter 125.2.
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[6]Letter 126.1. 关于那座在希波被发掘的教堂(被认为是奥古斯丁的教堂)的规模,参见Lancel,Saint Augustine (2002),240-44。
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[7]Letter 126.5.
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[8]Letter 126.7.
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[9] H.Jaïdi,“Remarques sur la constitution des biens des églises africaines à l’époque romaine tardive,” in Splendidissima civitas:Études d’histoire romaine en hommage à François Jacques ,ed.A.Chastagnol,S.Demougin,and C.Lepelley (Paris:Publications de la Sorbonne,1996),169-91;C.Buenacasa Pérez,“La creación del patrimonio ecclesiastico de las iglesias norteafricanas en época romana (siglos II-V):Renovación de la visión tradicional,” in Sacralidad y Arqueolog ía:Homenaje al Prof.Thilo Ulbert ,Antigüedad y Cristianismo 21 (Murcia:Universidad de Murcia,2004),493-509.
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[10]Hippone ,ed. X. Delestre (Aix-en-Provence:Édisud,2005),19-36,183-215. 亦可参见Brown,Augustine of Hippo ,183-97;Lancel,Saint Augustin ,211-16。
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[11] O.Perler,Les voyages de Saint Augustin (Paris:Études Augustiniennes,1969),25-56,423.
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[12] Lepelley,Les cités de l’Afrique romaine ,1:46-49.
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[13] Lepelley,Les cités de l’Afrique romaine ,1:46-49.
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[14] L.Dossey,Peasant and Empire in Christian North Africa (Berkeley:University of California Press,2010),101-24.
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[15] B.Shaw,“Rural Markets in North Africa and the Political Economy of the Roman Empire,” Antiquités africaines 17 (1981):37-83,现收录于Rulers,Nomads and Christians in Roman North Africa (Aldershot:Variorum,1995)。
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[16] A.Berthier,La Numidie:Rome et le Maghreb (Paris:Picard,1981),150-52.
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[17] Optatus of Milevis,De schismate donatistarum 3.4,trans. M.Edwards,Optatus:Against the Donatists (Liverpool:Liverpool University Press,1997),68-69;Augustine,Letter 185.4.15,但它并未提及阿克西都和法西尔。
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[18] B.Shaw,“Who Were the Circumcellions?” in Vandals,Romans and Berbers:New Perspectives on Late Antique North Africa ,ed. A. H. Merrills (Aldershot:Ashgate,2004),227-58;以及同一作者的“Bad Boys:Circumcellions and Fictive Violence,” in Violence in Late Antiquity:Perceptions and Practices ,ed. H.A.Drake (Aldershot:Ashgate,2006),179-96;Dossey,Peasant and Empire inChristian North Africa ,173-89.
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[19] W.H.C.Frend,The Donatist Church:A Movement of Protest in Roman North Africa (Oxford:Clarendon Press,1952).虽然该书受到了各种批评,但它依然是研究奥古斯丁在非洲的活动的起点。参见Brown,Augustine of Hippo ,207-39,pp.460-62,482-84,486做了更新。
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[20] B.Shaw,Sacred Violence:African Christians and Sectarian Hatred in the Age of Augustine (Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2011).承蒙作者的慷慨,我得以对这部重要著作的书稿先睹为快。同一作者的 “African Christianity:Disputes,Definitions and ‘Donatists,’” in Orthodoxy and Heresy in Religious Movements:Disciplineand Dissent ,ed. M.R. Greenshields and T. Robinson (Lampeter:Edwin Mellen Press,1992),5-34,现收录于Rulers,Nomads and Christians 。O’Donnell,Augustine ,209-19清楚地指出,奥古斯丁自称代表非洲唯一的“大公教会”有点不合适。
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[21] C.Lepelley,“Le lieu des valeurs communes:La cité terrain neutre entre païens et chrétiens dans l’Afrique de l’Antiquité tardive,” in Idéologies et valeurs civiques ,271-85;以及同一作者的“Dela réaction païoenne à la sécularisation,” Cristianesimo e storia 30 (2009):423-39。
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[22]Letters 34 and 35.
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[23] S.Lancel,Actes de la Conférence de Carthage en 411 ,SC 373 (Paris:Le Cerf,1991),4:1293-1536.
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[24] P. Brown,“Religious Coercion in the Later Roman Empire:The Case of North Africa,” History 48 (1963):283-305,现收录于Religion and Society ,301-30。
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[25] B. Kriegbaum,Kirche der Traditoren oder Kirche der Märtyrer ?Die Vorgeschichte des Donatismus (Innsbruck:Tyrolia,1986)是对非洲基督教教会学最好的总结。现在亦可参见这项明晰有力的研究:C.García Mac Gaw,Le problème du baptême dans le schisme donatiste ,Ausonius:Scripta Antiqua 21 (Bordeaux:Ausonius,2008),175-238。Dossey,Peasant and Empire in Christian North Africa ,147-94也很优秀。
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[26] Cyprian,De unitate ecclesiae 25;Y. Duval,Les chrétientés d’Occident et leur évêque au IIIesiècle:Plebs in ecclesia constituta (Paris:Institut d’Études Augustiniennes,2005),29.
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