1702362600
1702362601
(58) French, P．J., JohnDee: theWorldofanElizabethanMagus, London, 1972, p．109.
1702362602
1702362603
(59) Hill, C., “Science and Magic in Seventeenth-century England” in Samuel, R．and Stedman Jones, G., eds., Culture, IdeologyandPolitics: EssaysforEricHobsbawm, London, 1982, p．191.
1702362604
1702362605
(60) Ginzburg, C., “Morelli, Freud and Sherlock Holmes: Clues and Scientific Method,” HistoryWorkshopJournal, 1980b, Vol．9, pp．26—27.
1702362606
1702362607
(61) Thomas, K., ReligionandtheDeclineofMagic: StudiesinPopularBeliefsinSixteenth- andSeventeenth-centuryEngland, London, 1971, p．799.
1702362608
1702362609
(62) Thomas, K., ReligionandtheDeclineofMagic: StudiesinPopularBeliefsinSixteenth- andSeventeenth-centuryEngland, London, 1971, p．800.
1702362610
1702362611
(63) Febvre, L．and Martin, H．J., TheComingoftheBook: theImpactofPrinting 1450—1800, London, 1976.
1702362612
1702362613
(64) 参见Mandrou, R., DelaCulturePopulaireaux 17eet 18e siècles, Paris, 1964; Bollème, G., ed., LaBibliothèqueBleue: laLittératurePopulaireenFrancedu Ⅹ ⅥeauXIXe siècle, Pairs, 1971; Burke, P., PopularCultureinEarly Modern Europe, London, 1978; 以及Martin的论文”The Bibliothèque Bleue: Literature for the masses in the AncienRégime“（载PublishingHistory, 1978, Vol．3, pp．70—102）中给出的评论。
1702362614
1702362615
(65) 参见Neuberg, V．E., PopularLiterature: AHistoryandGuide, Harmond-sworth, 1977; Burke, P., PopularCultureinEarlyModernEurope, London, 1978; Spufford, M., SmallBooksandPleasantHistories: PopularFictionanditsReadershipinSeventeenth – centuryEngland, London, 1981。
1702362616
1702362617
(66) Spufford, M., SmallBooksandPleasantHistories: PopularFictionanditsReadershipinSeventeenth-centuryEngland, London, 1981, p．xviii.
1702362618
1702362619
(67) Spufford, M., SmallBooksandPleasantHistories: PopularFictionanditsReadershipinSeventeenth-centuryEngland, London, 1981, pp．36—37。由于建基于不完全知识，这个结论当然是有争议的，但是我确信它是正确的。也见Spufford, M., “First Steps in Literacy: The Reading and Writing Experiences of the Humblest Seventeenth-century Autobiographers,” SocialHitory, 1979, Vol．4, pp．407—435; Schofield, R．S., “The Measurement of Literacy in pre-industrial England” in Goody, J., ed., LiteracyinTraditionalSocieties, Cambridge, 1968, pp．318—325; Schofield, R．S., “Dimensions of Illiteracy 1750—1850,” ExplorationsinEconomicHistory, 1973, Vol．10, pp．437—454; Cressy, D., LiteracyandtheSocialOrder: ReadingandWritingin TudorandStuartEngland,Cambridge,1980。
1702362620
1702362621
(68) 参见Goody, J., TheDomesticationoftheSavageMine, Cambridge, 1977。
1702362622
1702362623
(69) 以下解释取自Capp, B., Astrologyand the PopularPress: EnglishAlmanacs 1500—1800, London, 1979。
1702362624
1702362625
(70) Capp, B., AstrologyandthePopularPress: EnglishAlmanacs 1500—1800, London, 1979, p．180.
1702362626
1702362627
(71) Ibid, p．203.
1702362628
1702362629
(72) 使用像特许小商贩数量这样的替代变量来描绘廉价书的分布模型显然是有问题的。第一，小商贩肯定不仅仅销售书刊。书刊通常仅仅是销售商品之一，虽然某些小商贩是书刊销售的行家里手。第二，许多小商贩虽然住在一个城镇里但却运作着一个定期集市系统（periodic Market system）。第三，廉价书还有许多其他零售商，最明显的就是专业书商，此外还有一些小店主。因此，这幅地图最多只具有指示性。
1702362630
1702362631
(73) Spufford, M., SmallBooksandPleasantHistories: PopularFictionanditsReadershipinSeventeenth-centuryEngland, London, 1981, p．126.
1702362632
1702362633
(74) 参见Lough, L., The “Encyclopédie,” New York, 1971; Darnton, R., TheBusinessofEnlightenment: aPublishingHistoryoftheEncyclopédie 1775—1800, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1979。
1702362634
1702362635
(75) Darnton, R., TheBusinessofEnlightenment: aPublishingHistoryoftheEncyclopédie 1775—1800, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1979, p．9.
1702362636
1702362637
(76) Darnton, R., TheBusinessofEnlightenment: aPublishingHistoryoftheEncyclopédie 1775—1800, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1979, p．7．实际上，《百科全书》的许多内容只不过是对实践知识进行的编码化整理。Ginzburg的”Morelli, Freud and Sherlock Holmes: Clues and Scientific Method”（载HistoryWorkshopJournal, 1980b, Vol．9, pp．5—36）一文第22页谈及了“一种大规模的文化入侵过程……这种冒犯的象征和重要工具就是法国的《百科全书》”。
1702362638
1702362639
(77) 就绘制销售书籍的分布地图而言，也存在一些问题。首先，销售人员在《百科全书》销售过程中所起的作用有差异。其次，书商分布的密度存在变化。再次，小学和中学的分布密度存在变化。然而：总体而言，四开本显然已经销售到这个国家每个角落，包括遥远的巴斯克地区（Pays Basque）和中央高原地区（Massif Central）。四开本的扩散在全国范围内与人口密度相当吻合，尽管不同城市间存在重要的差异。（Darnton, R., TheBusinessofEnlightenment: a Publishing HistoryoftheEncyclopédie 1775—1800, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1979, p．281）
1702362640
1702362641
(78) 这一解释依据Darnton的TheBusinessofEnlightenment: aPublishingHistoryoftheEncyclopédie 1775—1800（Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1979）一书第287页到294页上的解释。
1702362642
1702362643
(79) Darnton, R., TheBusinessofEnlightenment: aPublishing HistoryoftheEncyclopédie 1775—1800, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1979, p．299.
1702362644
1702362645
(80) 特别参见Abler, R., Janelle, D., Phibrick, A．and Sommer, J., HumanGeographyinaShrinkingworld, North Scitute, Massachusetts, 1975。
1702362646
1702362647
(81) 据我所知，没有任何研究系统地探究过从各种媒体或学校中习得的共享知识库，或者这样获得的各种知识相互间有什么差异，尽管相关情况必定都可以从许多对媒体和学校教育的研究中推断出来。
1702362648
1702362649
(82) 参见Bourdieu, P．and Passeron, J., ReproductioninEducation, ScoietyandCulture, 1977; Bourdieu, P．and Passeron, J., TheInheritors
:FrenchStudentsandtheirRelationtoCulture, Chicago, 1980; 以及Garnham, N．and Williams, R., “Pierre Bourdieu and the Sociology of Culture: an introduction,” Media, CultureandSociety, 1980, Vol. 2, pp．209—223。当然，文化资本不仅源自职业所产生和保护的知识，而且源自对于各种使阶级分工和其他分工合法化的文化实践的时间投入和践行（参见Bourdieu, P., LaDistinction, Paris, 1979）。我们可以从生活路径的视角将这种知识的获得看做是在家庭、学校等处获取各种文化能力的连续过程。
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.7023626e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]