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[24] Aldcroft,From Versailles to Wall Street,13-14(需要注意的是,伤残人数可能包括一些平民)。也可参阅Samuel Dumas and K. O. Vedel-Petersen,Losses of Life Caused by War (Oxford:The Claredon Press,1923),137-45。
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[25] Wilson borrowed the phrase from H. G. Wells,The War That Will End War (New York:Duffield & Co.,1914).
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[26] Margaret MacMillan,Paris 1919:Six Months That Changed the World (New York:Random House,2003),53. 除了此处讨论的重点《国际联盟盟约》和《凯洛格-白里安公约》,更多关于战后和平努力请参阅 Patrick O. Cohrs,The Unfinished Peace After World War I:America,Britain and the Stablisation of Europe,1919-1932 (Cambridge:Cambridge University Press 2006)。
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[27] Woodrow Wilson,“President Wilson’s Message to Congress,” January 8,1918,Records of the United States Senate,Record Group 46,National Archives.
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[28] The Covenant of the League of Nations,Arts. 12,13,15 (1924).
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[29] Woodrow Wilson,“Address at Pueblo,Colorado,” September 25,1919,in Addresses of President Wilson:Addresses Delivered by President Wilson on His Western Tour,66th Congress,1st Sess.,S. Doc. No. 120 (Washington,DC:U.S. Government Printing Office,1919),359-70.
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[30] John E. Stoner,S. O. Levinson and the Pact of Paris (Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1943),8. 莱文森及其发起的非法化战争运动在很大程度上被遗忘了,以下这部著作除外:David Swanson,When the World Outlawed War(2011年自行出版)。
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[31] Stoner,S. O. Levinson and the Pact of Paris,1-10.
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[32] Stoner,S. O. Levinson and the Pact of Paris,11-13.
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[33] Stoner,S. O. Levinson and the Pact of Paris,12 (quoting The New York Times). 参见“Governors Close Stock Exchange,” New York Times,August 1,1914。
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[34] Stoner,S. O. Levinson and the Pact of Paris,12[此处引用了萨尔蒙·莱文森在1914年9月15日写给哈里·莱文森(Harry Levinson)的信件]。
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[35] “Dr. Eliot and Mr. Schiff Discuss Ways to Peace,” New York Times,December 20,1914.
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[36] Stoner,S. O. Levinson and the Pact of Paris,14[此处引用了莱文森写给自己的合伙人本杰明·V.贝克尔(Benjamin V. Becker)的信]。
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[37] Salmon O. Levinson,“The Legal Status of War,” The New Republic,March 9,1918,171.
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[38] 他的两个儿子都参加了接下来的战争。参见 SOL,Memo,July 20,1928,box 28 folder 7,SLP UCL。两个男孩都在1917年入伍;在写于1919年的一封信中,莱文森提到,自从“两年多前”应召入伍后,他的两个儿子第一次回家过圣诞节。参见SOL to Knox,December 27,1919,box 54,folder 7,SLP UCL。
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[39] Stoner,S. O. Levinson and the Pact of Paris,21.
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[40] SOL to Jacob Schiff,August 25,1917,box 44,folder 3,SLP UCL.
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[41] SOL to Jacob Schiff,August 25,1917,box 44,folder 3,SLP UCL.
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[42] Stoner,S. O. Levinson and the Pact of Paris,25.
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[43] James H. Tufts to William Rainey Harper,December 1893,引自Louis Menand,The Metaphysical Club (New York:Farrar,Straus & Giroux,2001),288。
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[44] James H. Tufts to William Rainey Harper,December 1893,25-26(引自 Dewey to Croly,January 28,1918)。
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[45] Levinson,“The Legal Status of War,” 171.
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[46] Levinson,“The Legal Status of War,”,172.
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[47] Stoner,S. O. Levinson and the Pact of Paris,39-41.
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[48] SOL,Memo,undated,box 28,folder 7,SLP UCL(据记载莱文森是《国际联盟盟约》公开后的第二天即2月15日接到邀请,接着在2月17、18、19日连续三天与诺克斯会面)。
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