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[28] The Speeches of the Right Honorable William Pitt in the House of Commons,vol.4(London:Longman,Hurst,Ree and Orme,1806),28.
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[29] 指撒旦。——译者注
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[30] Charles F.Horne and Walter F.Austin,Source Records of the Great War,vol.1(New York:National Alumni,1923),398-404.
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[31] “A War for Honor,Lloyd George Says,” New York Times,special cable,September 19,1914.
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[32] James Bryce,ed.,Report of the Committee on Alleged German Outrages Appointed by His Britannic Majesty’s Government and Presided Over by the Right Hon. Viscount Bryce,Committee on Alleged German Outrages(N.P.:Kessinger Publishing,2004),23.
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[33] James Bryce,ed.,Report of the Committee on Alleged German Outrages Appointed by His Britannic Majesty’s Government and Presided Over by the Right Hon. Viscount Bryce,Committee on Alleged German Outrages(N.P.:Kessinger Publishing,2004),48.
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[34] 约翰·皮姆、约翰·萨默斯、约翰·汉普登和威廉·罗素是英国内战中的英雄,他们成功地抵制了查理一世对新教不遵国教者的迫害和对国会的解散。
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[35] Priscilla Roberts,“Benjamin Strong,the Federal Reserve,and the Limits to the Interwar American Nationalism,” Economic Quarterly 86,no.2(Spring 2000):10.
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[36] William Appleman Williams,ed.,The Shaping of American Diplomacy(Chicago:Rand McNally,1956),582.
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[37] President Woodrow Wilson,War Message to Congress,on April 2,1917,to Joint Houses of Congress,65th Cong.,1st Sess.
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[38] George M.Marsden,Understanding Fundamentalism and Evangelicals(Grand Rapids,Mich.:W.B.Eerdmans,1991),51.
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[39] Marsden,52.
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[40] “Proclamation of Additional Regulations Prescribing the Conduct of Alien Enemies.” American Journal of International Law 12,no.1,Supplement:Official Documents(January 1918):6.
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[41] “Espionage Act,Title XII,Sections 1 and 2,” American Journal of International Law 11,no.4,Supplement:Official Documents(October 1917):197.
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[42] Donald Johnson,“Wilson,Burleson,and the Censorship of the First World War,” Journal of Southern History 28,no.1(February 1962):51-52.
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[43] President George W.Bush,Address to a Joint Session of Congress and the American People,on September 20,2001,to Joint Houses of Congress,105th Cong.,1st Sess.,http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/09/print/20010920-8.html(accessed January 5,2005).
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[44] President George W.Bush,Address to a Joint Session of Congress and the American People,on September 20,2001,to Joint Houses of Congress,105th Cong.,1st Sess.,http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/09/print/20010920-8.html(accessed January 5,2005).
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上帝与黄金:英国、美国与现代世界的形成 第2章 在沙滩上
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教皇格列高利(额我略)一世据说有一次在罗马市场看见几个英俊的奴隶在出售。他问他们来自哪个国家,被告知他们是盎格鲁人,或我们现在所称的英国人。机智的教皇回答:“不是英国人,而是天使。”(Non Angli,sed angeli.)历史没有记载他是否买下了奴隶。[1]
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16个世纪之后,伴随着四百年来英语世界与欧陆强国之间的争夺,几乎没有欧陆人会认同教皇的观点。今天他们更有可能这样回答犯了与格列高利类似错误的人:他们不是天使——他们是盎格鲁-撒克逊人(Non angeli,sed Anglo-Saxones)。
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尽管与母国的联盟历时漫长且联系紧密,美国人仍时常惊讶且不快地发现外国人经常把自己归属于英国人。美国人常听闻自己被称作盎格鲁-撒克逊国家;美国人太清楚他们的种族和文化多样性,并不欢迎这样一个标签,这看起来将他们整个国家等同于民族马赛克中一块远未受到普遍欢迎的鹅卵石。此外,有关美国人民盎格鲁-撒克逊性格的令人欣赏的证言普遍具有双刃效应。历史上这一术语曾出现在美国的话语中,将“优良的”、具有老牌血统的美国人与“下等的”、可能危险的少数民族和移民区分开来。美国人不想复兴这套理念,事实也确实如此。
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然而,今天不仅很多欧洲人将这一术语用来指代美国人和他们的英国堂兄弟,拉丁美洲人、非洲人和亚洲人也这么用。我们用不着惊讶;大西洋彼岸一个伟大的讲英语的共和国兴起,补充并最终替代了大英帝国长期在欧洲维持的均势,欧陆人(并且日益显著的是,日本人、中国人和其他非欧洲的观察者)开始用这一新术语来描绘这一世界事务中的联合力量。
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冷战中美国权力渗透到世界,同时英国的影响力节节下滑,这一术语淡出使用,通常被“美国佬”(Yankee)取代。但当英国在玛格丽特·撒切尔和她的继任者的领导下更坚定、更自信、更明确地与美国结盟时,陈旧术语卷土重来,外交的老生常谈又重新谈论起盎格鲁-撒克逊国家,比如在联合国安理会。
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