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［10］如果想了解关于英国的“新收入调查”（“工时和薪资年度调查”的前身）与“家庭支出调查”（“家庭资源调查”的前身）之间过时但详尽的比较，请参见Anthony B. Atkinson，John Micklewright，and Nicholas H. Stern，“Comparison ofthe FES and New Earnings Survey 1971-1977,” in Anthony B. Atkinson andHolly Sutherland，eds.，Tax-Benefit Models (London: STICERD，LSE，1988),154-222。
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［11］Thomas Piketty等人根据收集到的个人房产数据完成了一项非常出色的研究，请参见Thomas Piketty，Gilles Postel-Vinay，and Jean-Laurent Rosenthal,“Wealth Concentration in a Developing Economy: Paris and France，1807-1994,” American Economic Review 96 (2006): 236-256。他们收集了1807-1902年间，每十个特定年份里在巴黎去世的人的信息。
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［12］Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek，Statistiek der Rijksfinancin 1936 (’s Gravenhage: Drukkerij Albani，1936)，Table XV.
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［13］Thomas Piketty开创了这条成果颇丰的研究线路。Thomas Piketty，“Income Inequality in France，1901-1998,” Journal of Political Economy 111 (2003): 1004-1042，and Les hauts revenus en France au XX e siècle (Paris: Bernard Grasset,2001)。
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［14］Zvi Griliches，“Economic Data Issues,” in Zvi Griliches and Michael D. Intriligator，eds.,Handbook of Econometrics (Amsterdam: Elsevier，1986)，vol. 3,quote p. 1509.
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［15］Statistics Canada,Income in Canada 2005，Catalogue 75-202-XIE (Ottawa: Statistics Canada，2007)，p. 125.
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［16］严格说来，基尼系数会下降318，即净收入基尼系数的变化是边际税率变化的58倍。
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［17］Thomas Piketty，Capital in the Twenty-First Century，trans. Arthur Goldhammer (Cambridge，MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press，2014)，quotep. 275.
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［18］这些数据来源于世界顶级收入数据库。英国的数据指0.1%最高收入的比重。这些国别比较涉及的时间段均是1914-1945年，但有些国家例外，如法国的起始时间为1917年，日本的结束时间为1947年，瑞典的起始时间为1912年，挪威参加比较的时间段为1913-1948年，荷兰的结束时间为1946年，丹麦的起始时间为1908年。
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［19］Josiah Stamp，The Financial Aftermath of War (London: Ernest Benn，1932),quote p. 34.
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［20］Piketty，Les hauts revenus en France，quote pp. 272-279.
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［21］Stephen P. Jenkins，Andrea Brandolini，John Micklewright，and Brian Nolan,eds.，The Great Recession and the Distribution of Household Income (Oxford
:Oxford University Press，2013)，16-20. 另外，还请参见Anthony B. Atkinson and Salvatore Morelli，“Inequality and Banking Crises: A First Look,” paper prepared for Global Labour Forum 2010，http://www.nuffield.ox.ac.uk/Users/Atkinson/Paper-Inequality%20and%20Banking%20Crises-A%20First%20Look.pdf; Anthony B. Atkinson and Salvatore Morelli，“Economic Crises and Inequality,” Human Development Research Paper 2011/06 (New York
:United Nations Development Programme，2011)，http://dl4a.org/uploads/pdf/HDRP_2011_06.pdf.
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［22］Richard M. Titmuss,Problems of Social Policy (London: HMSO and Longmans，Green and Co.，1950)，quote p. 506.
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［23］Claudia Goldin and Robert Margo，“The Great Compression: The Wage Structure in the United States at Mid-Century,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 107(1992): 1-34，quote pp. 23 and 27.
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［24］Paul Krugman，The Conscience of a Liberal (New York: W. W. Norton，2007),see pp. 47-52.
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［25］Richard B. Freeman，“The Evolution of the American Labor Market，1948-80,”in Martin Feldstein，ed.，The American Economy in Transition (Chicago: University of Chicago Press，1980)，quote p. 357 and Figure 5.1.
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［26］Nan L. Maxwell，“Changing Female Labor Force Participation: Influences on Income Inequality and Distribution,” Social Forces 68 (1990): 1251-1266，quotep. 1251.
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［27］Lynn Karoly and Gary Burtless，“Demographic Change，Rising Earnings Inequality，and the Distribution of Personal Well-Being，1959-1989,” Demography32 (1995): 379-405，quote p. 392.
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［28］Jeff Larrimore，“Accounting for United States Household Income InequalityTrends: The Changing Importance of Household Structure and Male and Female Earnings Inequality,” Review of Income and Wealth 60 (2014): 683-704.
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［29］Wojciech Kopczuk and Emmanuel Saez，“Top Wealth Shares in the US，1916-2000: Evidence from the Estate Tax Returns,” National Tax Journal 57 (2004)
:445-487，longer version in NBER Working Paper 10399.
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［30］George F. Break，“The Role of Government: Taxes，Transfers，and Spending,” inMartin Feldstein，ed.，The American Economy in Transition (Chicago: University of Chicago Press，1980)，Table 9.17.这些数据指“非衰退国民生产总值（GNP）”的百分比。
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［31］Karoly and Burtless，“Demographic Change,” quote p. 392.
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［32］Richard Goode，The Individual Income Tax (Washington，D.C.: Brookings Institution，1964)，quote p. 283。这条引用来源于JosephSchumpeter，Capitalism，Socialism and Democracy (New York: Harper andRow，1962)，3rd ed.，quote p. 381; and Irving B. Kravis，The Structure of Income(Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press，1962)，quote p. 220。
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［33］例如，参见此文中的图2.1：Anthony B. Atkinson and Joseph E. Stiglitz，Lectures on Public Economics (New York: McGraw-Hill，1980，reprinted by Princeton University Press，2015)。
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［34］关于贫困人口比重的数据来源于Anthony B. Atkinson and SalvatoreMorelli，Chartbook of Economic Inequality，http://www.chartbookofeconomicinequality.com/。
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