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[28]Melvin M. Brodsky, “Public-Service Employment Programs in Selected OECD Countries,”Monthly Labor Review 123 (2000): 31-41, quote p. 34.
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[29]Lane Kenworthy,Egalitarian Cap italism (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2004), quote p. 153.
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[30]European Commission,Employment and Social Developments, the heading to Section 5.1 of ch. 2.
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[31]Ive Marx and Gerlinde Verbist, “The Policy Response: Boosting Employment and Social Investment,” in Wiemer Salverda et al., eds.,Changing Inequalities and Societal Impacts in Rich Countries(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014): 265-293, quote p. 271.
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[32]OECD,Extending Opportunities: How Active Social Policy Can Benefit Us All (Paris: OECD, 2005), quote p. 8.
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[33]Winston Churchill MP, Hansard House of Commons, 24 April 1906 155: col 1888.
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[34]接受这一定义应归功于低工作就业研究(LoWER)网络的研究成果。See Claudio Lucifora and Wiemer Salverda,Policies for Low-Wage Employment and Social Exclusion in Europe(Milan: Franco/Angeli, 1998); and “Low Pay,” in Wiemer Salverda, Brian Nolan, and Timothy Smeeding, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Economic Inequality (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), 257-283。
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[35]Centre for Research in Social Policy, “Uprating the UK Living Wage in 2013,” CRSP Working Paper 2013, University of Loughborough.
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[36]Low Wage Commission,Work That Pays: The Final Report of the Low Pay Commission (London: Low Pay Commission, 2014), quote p. 22.
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[37]Low Pay Commission,National Minimum Wage Report 2014 (London: HMSO, 2014), quote paragraph 37.
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[38]Anthony B. Atkinson and Sarah Voitchovsky, “The Distribution of Top Earnings in the UK since the Second World War,” Economica 78 (2011): 440-459.
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[39]High Pay Centre,Reform Agenda: How to Make Top Pay Fairer(London: High Pay Centre, 2014).
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[40]Impact and Performance Report for Traidcraft 2013-14, quote p. 42.
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[41]Will Hutton,Review of Fair Pay in the Public Sector: Final Report(London: HMSO, 2011), quote p. 3.
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[42]High Pay Centre,Reform Agenda, quote p. 17.
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[43]Evidence from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings, ONS website, Table1.7a,http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/ashe/annual-survey-of-hours-and-earnings/index.html.
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第6章 资本共享
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[1]J. E. Meade, Efficiency, Equality, and the Ownership of Property(London: G. Allen and Unwin, 1964), quote p. 48.
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[2]Josiah Wedgwood, The Economics of Inheritance, new ed. (London: Pelican Books, 1939), 115-116.
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[3]Geoffrey Brennan, Gordon Menzies, and Michael Munge, “A Brief History of Equality,”Economics Discipline Group Working Paper 17 (2014), UTS Business School, University of Technology Sydney.
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[4]Christine Schwartz, “Earnings Inequality and the Changing Association between Spouses’ Earnings,” American Journal of Sociology 115 (2010): 1524-1557, quote p. 1528.
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[5]John Ermisch, Marco Francesconi, and Thomas Siedler, “Intergenerational Economic Mobility and Assortative Mating,” IZA Discussion Papers 1847, Institute for the Study of Labor, Bonn, 2005.
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[6]Kerwin Kofi Charles, Erik Hurst, and Alexandra Killewald, “Marital Sorting and Parental Wealth,” Demography 50 (2013): 51-70.
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[7]Francesca Bastagli and John Hills, “Wealth Accumulation, Ageing, and House Prices,” in John Hills et al., eds., Wealth in the UK (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013): 63-91, quote p. 65.
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[8]这些数据摘自Bastagli和Hills的“Wealth Accumulation”,表4.1。
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