打字猴:1.704787515e+09
1704787515
1704787516 This is no fault of Frank’s.(这决非胡兰克的错。)
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1704787518 Where did you buy this wrist-watch of yours?(你这个手表是在哪里买的?)
1704787519
1704787520 Have you read any books of his?(你读过他写的什么书吗?)
1704787521
1704787522 This uneasy heart of ours.—— Wordsworth(我们的这种不安的心情。)
1704787523
1704787524 That poor old mother of his.(他那个可怜的老母。)
1704787525
1704787526 That flattering tongue of yours.—— As you Like It, I V.i.188(你的那个谄媚的舌头。)
1704787527
1704787528 If I had such a tyre,this face of mine Were full as lovely as is this of hers.—— The Two Gentlemen of Verona, I V.iv.190(如果我有这样的头饰,我的脸会和她的一样妩媚。)
1704787529
1704787530 有时又可用来表示叹赏(great admiration)或轻蔑(contempt)如:
1704787531
1704787532 I love that picture of yours.(我真爱你这张像。)
1704787533
1704787534 That idiot of a maid of yours has only packed one stocking for my two legs.(你那个笨死了的女仆只为我收拾了一只袜子给两只脚来穿。)
1704787535
1704787536 美国人对于英文语法上这些规定是不大考究的,例如 Hemingway 在所著 The Sun Also Rises 中便有:
1704787537
1704787538 “ Well”,the count shrugged his shoulders.“ About his future you can’t ever tell. Anyhow,his father was a great friend of my father.”
1704787539
1704787540 就没有说 father’s,虽则意为“他父亲是我父亲的好朋友”。在英国也有 a friend of my father 的说法,不过含义不同罢了。 Sweet 在他的 New English Grammar2010节中对此有所说明:“……‘he is a friend of my brother’ would imply ‘he is friendly towards my brother’.”而 Jespersen 在他的 Modern English Grammar Ⅲ,1.95上也说:“……a friend of Tom’s means one whom Tom looks upon as a friend,and a friend of Tom one who looks upon Tom as his friend.”和 Sweet 同一旨趣,前者以 Tom 的立场来说,后者以其友人的立场来说。又如 P. A. Erades 在他的 English Studies 中举有下面一个对话,最能说明这种意思:
1704787541
1704787542 “ Who told you that?”
1704787543
1704787544 “ A friend of your father’s.”
1704787545
1704787546 “ If he says such things,he is not a friend of my father,whoever he may be.”
1704787547
1704787548 意为“他说出这样的话来未免对我父亲太不友善了,他不配做我父亲的朋友”!两种用法对照得非常明显,其不同的含义也就明白地表现出来了。
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1704787553 英文疑难详解 [:1704786994]
1704787554 英文疑难详解 9.属格的主格作用和宾格作用
1704787555
1704787556 “那囚犯的处死引起了很大的非议。”一句,译成英文的 The prisoner’s execution has caused a lot of public censure.据说译错了,但不知错在什么地方?请详加说明。
1704787557
1704787558 【解答】这句英文应改正为 The execution of the prisoner has caused a lot of public censure.才对。英文的惯用法对于属格( Possessive)是很复杂的,比方照规则是有生物用〔’s〕,无生物用 of,但例外很多,而且界说不明,植物也算是无生物,时间和距离,乃至度量衡又可作有生物看待。最无定准的是属格本身既可作主格解释,又可作宾格解释,不看前后文是没有法子作决定的,例如 his praise 到底是“他赞美别人”还是“别人赞美他”,是不能说一定的,二者都可以解释,试看下举的二例:
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1704787560 (a) She has come to sing his praise.(她来赞美他。)
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1704787562 (b) She doesn’t want his praise.(她不要他赞美。)
1704787563
1704787564 (a)句中的 his 是宾格作用的属格( Objective Possessive),所以 his praise 意为“赞美他”,而(b)句中的 his 是主格作用的属格( Subjective Possessive),所以 his praise 意为“他赞美”。现在再举几个例子对照如下:
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