1705046840
试读以下两句:
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a. The old lady mothered him during his illness.
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b. DNA testing fathered the baby on him.
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两句中的动词谓语mother与father原系名词,现用作动词。句a中的mothered意即“母亲般地照料”;句b中的fathered的含义更趋丰富,全句的大意是:DNA检查证明他是婴儿的生父。以上两句因为使用了mother与father的转义,表达趋简,形象趋丰,句子趋美。
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换一种说法,那表达将变得“老实规矩”,而风采顿失。如:
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a. The old lady took good care of him like his mother when he was ill.
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b. After DNA testing, they decided that he was the father of the baby.
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如上所述,Connotation本身就是一种修辞。上面我们已经提到,转义包括比喻义和联想义。所谓比喻义,即暗示了其修辞功能。然而,转义修辞功能除比喻功能外,它还具有拟人、夸张等等修辞功能。如下列句中的黑体字:
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The girls are blooming with health and beauty.
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这些少女健康貌美,如盛开之鲜花。
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A soft wind kissed the treetop.
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轻风掠过树梢。
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The price of food is soaring.
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食品价格飞涨。
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然而,英语的转义词之美,并不局限于其修辞,特别在汉译英的实践中,它还有种种译者意想不到的美。
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2.1.5.1 便捷美
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初登译途,译者词汇量有限,若能善用词汇转义,许多寻常英语词汇便可以一当十,一解“燃眉之急”。如:
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他的爸爸正在为锯子锉齿。
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“为锯子锉齿”如何译是好?让译者蹙眉!且慢着急。一旦你能联想到tooth,并用其转义,译途即通:
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His father was toothing a saw.
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他的讲话离题了。
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你或许会将上句译成:
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He digressed / strayed from the point / subject.
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假若你一时想不起digress / stray两个单词,也不必犯难,也许你已经学到了branch(枝,分枝)一词,何不使用branch的转义来“救急”?如译:
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His talk branched off from the subject.
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