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Pilar Guzmán, Cookie’s 35-year-old editor in chief, compares the new clubs to day care options available in many European countries for free. “If you can get around the elitism and the fact that they cater to a certain kind of woman, kids’ clubs reinforce the idea that pampering yourself and being a good parent are not mutually exclusive,” she said. “Whatever criticism these clubs are getting, the basic philosophical kernel shouldn’t be criticized.”
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【原译】比拉·吉子芒,Cookie35岁的主编,把新的俱乐部比作是许多欧洲国家免费享受的日托选择。“倘若把这其中的优越性以及这些俱乐部迎合一定群体的妇女的事实传播出去,那么,儿童俱乐部所强调的‘放纵’自己与当好家长的观点就不是互相排斥的,”她说。“无论这些俱乐部背负着怎样的批评,其基本的哲学内核是不该受到批评。”
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【改译】比拉·古芒,Cookie杂志35岁的主编比较了这些新潮的会所和在欧洲很多国家免费开放的日托设施。“如果你能撇开会所带来的高人一等的优越感及会所迎合某一类女性这一事实,那么儿童会所的确彰显了善待自己和善待孩子之间并不相斥的理念,”她说道。“不管对这种会所有何种批评,其核心理念是无可厚非的。”
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逻辑思辨,能化难句为易句。上句的If you can get around the elitism and the fact that they cater to a certain kind of woman就是一个例证。其中的动词短语get around之本义为:到处走动,传播出去。因此原译,便依样画葫芦,译成了“倘若把这其中的优越性以及这些俱乐部迎合一定群体的妇女的事实传播出去”。如此译文,匪夷所思也。
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从逻辑视角看,问题就简化了。原句中的这个if,即重要逻辑标记,提出一个逻辑假设:如果你能够……,那么,儿童会所就……。如此逻辑安排,暗示译者:动词短语get around之宾语,其内容一定带有负面含义,而这个负面含义不言而喻,其核心词是elitism+the fact that they cater to a certain kind of woman,接着,译者便可非常从容地来猜测动词短语get around的含义,作者用其转义,即“绕过,避开”。
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3 审美意识主宰译文质量
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Glories of the Storm
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辉煌壮丽的暴风雨
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It begins when a feeling of stillness creeps into my consciousness. Everything has suddenly gone quiet. Birds do not chirp. Leaves do not rustle. Insects do not sing.
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【原译】起初,有一种平静的感觉悄然袭上我的心头。刹那间,万物都沉寂无声。鸟儿不再啁啾,树叶不再沙沙婆娑,昆虫也停止了欢唱。
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【改译】起初,有一种平静的感觉悄然爬上我的心头。世间万物,顿时沉寂。鸟儿不再啁啾,树叶不再婆娑,昆虫不再吟唱。
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开头一段,不见英语短文常见的主题句(topic sentence),而是直奔主题,写暴风雨到来之前大自然的片刻宁静。三个平行结构(Parallelism)写得漂亮极了,渲染了短暂的万籁俱寂的气氛。令人扼腕的是,原译对Parallelism之整饬美认识不足!既然用了两个“不再”,为什么“不再”到底呢?
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The air that has been hot all day becomes heavy. It hangs over the trees, presses the heads of the flowers to the ground, sits on my shoulders. With a vague feeling of uneasiness I move to the window. There, in the west, lies the answer—cloud has piled on cloud to form a ridge of mammoth white towers, rearing against blue sky.
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【原译】整日闷热的空气变得格外呆滞,它笼罩着树木,逼得花朵垂向地面,也压得我肩头沉甸甸的。我怀着隐隐的烦躁不安,信步走到窗边。原来答案就在西边天际,云层重重叠叠,就像一排嵯峨的白塔,高耸在蓝天之上。
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【改译】整日灼热的空气变得格外沉闷,它笼罩树木,逼迫花朵垂向地面,并坐压在我的双肩。怀着茫然的不安,我信步走到窗前。原来,答案就在西边天际:云层重重叠叠,就像一排嵯峨的白塔,高耸在蓝天之上。
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使用Parallelism是原文作者的强项,如:It hangs over the trees, presses the heads of the flowers to the ground, sits on my shoulders. 尤其是其中的sits on,真可玩味再三。There, in the west, lies the answer系倒装句,倒装得很洒脱。试想,若不用倒装句式,那将是The answer lies there, in the west。滋味何在?紧接着answer出现了一个破折号,来细释这个answer。
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行文流畅,发端于倒装!
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原译不错,但存不修边幅处,既然以“它笼罩着树木”开句,后面的措辞就当考虑形式之整饬,向Parallelism靠拢。
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Their piecing whiteness is of brief duration. Soon the marshmallow rims flatten to anvil tops, and the clouds reveal their darker nature. They impose themselves before the late-afternoon sun, and the day darkens early. Then a gust of wind whips the dust along the road, chill warning of what is to come.
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【原译】云彩那耀眼的白色瞬间便消失了。顷刻间,棉花状的云边变得像铁砧一样平展,云层也露出了阴暗的本来面目。它强行遮住西斜的太阳,使天色早早地黑了下来。接着,劲风骤起,一路卷起尘土飞扬,冷飕飕的,预示着即将来临的一切。
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【改译】云彩那夺目的白色,稍瞬即逝。顷刻间,葵花状的云边变得像铁砧一样平展,云层也露出了阴暗的本色。它们强行遮住西斜的红日,使天色早早地黑了下来。接着,劲风骤起,抽打着道路,激起尘土飞扬。冷飕飕的,警示着即将发生的一切。
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入微观察,是佳作之本,生活积累,也是佳译之本。接受美学认为,文章中的意义空白构成了文学作品的重要审美特征,是联络作者创作意识与接受意识的桥梁。接受者在接受过程中要以个人的想象力、经验、道德观念和审美标准对艺术作品的不确定意义给以特定的含义,并补充其意义的空白。
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暴风雨来临之前,西边天空的云彩颜色和形状的变化写得何等细微逼真。marshmallow是一种药蜀葵,the marshmallow rims其实可直译为“葵花状的云边”,而不必译成“棉花状的云边”。原句里的动词impose themselves before被译成“强行遮住”,佳译!“强行”二字,别具风采!句里的early被译成叠音词“早早地”,也是佳译。另外,chill warning运用了Transferred Epithet(转移修饰)的辞格,无法直译,译者的处理别具韵味,相当成功。问题是,末句里的动词whip,是否可挽留其形象呢?
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In the house a door shuts with a bang, curtains billow into the room. I rush to close the windows, empty the clothesline, secure the patio furnishings. Thunder begins to grumble in the distance.
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