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After the introduction, the debater will ordinarily state the motion for debate, and then will present the First Government Team’s definitions and interpretations of that motion. As stated earlier, the definitions and interpretations are important because they set the stage for the rest of the debate. As important as this part of the speech is, it can be accomplished quite well in a short period of time, usually 30 seconds to 1 minute.
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Before actually getting to the case, the Prime Minister will ordinarily offer a statement of advocacy and preview of his or her speech in terms of naming the arguments to be presented. Following the preview, the debater will present an advocacy statement to clarify the approach that the First Government is taking so that everyone will be clear about the focus of the debate. The purpose of the advocacy statement and preview is to set the arguments clearly in the mind of the judge so the judge will recognize the arguments when they are presented. Presentation of the preview and advocacy statement takes very little time, no more than 30 seconds.
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The previous example was a typical outline of a Prime Minister speech on a motion of value. A Prime Minister speech on a policy motion contains similar categories but has some subtle differences. An outline of a speech on a motion of policy is included below:
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6.3 Outline of a Prime Minister Speech Supporting a Policy Motion
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Introduction
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Motion for debate: “The United Nations should adopt a Declaration of the Rights of Great Apes.”
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Definition and interpretation: “Great Apes” are defined as chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, and orangutans. The definition of a Declaration of the Rights of Great Apes is the one adopted by the Great Apes Project that includes the rights to life, protection of individual liberty, and protection from torture.
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The Government interprets this motion to mean that the UN should adopt a declaration stating that all Great Apes have the right to life, liberty, and protection from torture.
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Statement of advocacy: The Government model of this motion is as follows: 1) the actor is the United Nations, 2) the action proposed is a Declaration of the Rights of Great Apes stating that all Great Apes have the right to life, liberty, and protection from torture, 3) the action should be enforced by UN peace keepers to the extent enforcement is needed.
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Speech preview: During the remainder of this speech, I will present two arguments: 1) the Declaration of the Rights of Great Apes should be adopted as a matter of the principle of liberty and 2) that theDeclaration of the Rights of Great Apesis financially beneficial. My colleague, the Deputy Prime Minister, will then argue that the Declaration of the Rights of Great Apes is scientifically beneficial.
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Argument 1: Declaration of Rights of Great Apes (DRGA) is in accord with the principle of liberty.
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Sub-claim 1: Descriptive. The DRGA includes the right to life, liberty, and protection from torture.
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Sub-claim 2: Association. A UN DRGA would help to secure these rights.
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Sub-claim 3: Evaluation. The rights to life, liberty, and protection from torture are important to Great Apes.
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Argument 2: Declaration of Rights of Great Apes is financially beneficial.
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Sub-claim 1: Descriptive. The DRGA would be enforced by UN peacekeepers who would enforce non-poaching laws.
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Sub-claim 2: Association. Enforcement of non-poaching laws would increase the population of Great Apes.
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Sub-claim 3: Evaluation. Larger populations of Great Apes would increase tourism to regions in which they live.
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Conclusion
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As can be seen by examining the previous outline, the Prime Minister’s speech on a motion of policy is not much different from a speech on a motion about value. Some differences as well as similarities between this speech and the last are worth noting. First, both speeches contain an introduction, statement of the motion for debate, definitions and interpretations. The statement of advocacy is different in the policy motion because it specifies a model including the actor and action to be taken, a specification that was not necessary in the value motion.
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Both speeches should contain a preview of the main arguments that each of the speakers will be expecting and, obviously, both speeches will include substantive arguments in support of the Government interpretation of the motion. Thus, the speeches are more alike than different, but still contain subtle differences.
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The previous section of this chapter dealt generally with arguments for the First Government Team, but particularly with the Prime Minister’s speech. The next section will focus on the speech to be given by the Deputy Prime Minister.
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6.4 Role of the Deputy Prime Minister
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In some ways, the Deputy Prime Minister provides a supporting role for the Prime Minister, but serves an independent role, as well. The Deputy Prime Minister needs to accomplish the following in his or her speech: 1) refute arguments presented by the Leader of Opposition, 2) rebuild the arguments provided by the Prime Minister, and 3) construct at least one additional argument in support of the motion as interpreted by the First Government Team’s case.
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