打字猴:1.70738142e+09
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1707381421 6 Igor de Rachewiltz,trans. and ed.,The Secret History of the Mongols(Leiden,2004),p. 658.
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1707381425 7 ‘Ala al-Din Ata Malik Juvaini,The History of the World-Conqueror,trans. J. A. Boyle(Seattle,WA,1997),p. 78;‘Ala al-Din Ata Malik Juvaini,Ta’rîkh-i-Jahân-Gusha,ed. Mirza Muhammad Qazvini(Leiden,1912,1916,1937),3 vols,p. 5.
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1707381429 8 Juvaini,Ta’rîkh-i-Jahân-Gusha,pp. 59-60;Juvaini,History of the World-Conqueror,p. 78.
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1707381433 9 Juvaini,Ta’rîkh-i-Jahân-Gusha,p. 60;Juvaini,History of the World-Conqueror,p. 79.
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1707381437 10 Juvaini,Ta’rîkh-i-Jahân-Gusha,p. 60;Juvaini,History of the World-Conqueror,p. 79. 多数记载显示,讹答剌城长官伊纳勒朮拥有“Ghayir Khan”的封号,他之所以屠杀商队是因为他认为他们是间谍。但志费尼认为,他可能是为了捍卫荣誉,因为其中一名印度商人对这位长官直呼其名,而没有使用其封号。
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1707381441 11 Allsen,‘Mongolian Princes and Their Merchant Partners’,p. 92.
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1707381445 12 Juvaini,Ta’rîkh-i-Jahân-Gusha,p. 60;Juvaini,History of the World-Conqueror,p. 79;Leslie Whitaker,The Beardstown Ladies’Common-Sense Investment Guide: How We Beat the Stock Market – And How You Can, Too(New York,1996).
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1707381449 13 Allsen,‘Mongolian Princes and Their Merchant Partners’,p. 93.
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1707381453 14 Larry W. Moses,‘A Theoretical Approach to the Process of Inner Asian Confederation’,Etudes Mongoles,V(1974),pp. 115-116. 一个环境方面的原因是,鄂尔浑河、土拉河和色楞格河提供了丰美的水草,对任何游牧统治者而言都十分理想。其他原因则是精神和传统方面的。
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1707381457 15 关于阿乌拉嘎遗址,参看 Noriyuki Shiraishi,‘The “Great Orda”of Genghis Khan’,in Beyond the Legacy of Genghis Khan,ed. Linda Komaroff(Leiden,2006),pp. 83-93。
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1707381461 16 William of Rubruck,‘The Journey of William of Rubruck’,in The Mission to Asia,trans. a nun from Stanbrook Abbey,ed. Christopher Dawson(Toronto,1980),p. 175;William of Rubruck,The Mission of Friar William of Rubruck: His Journey to the Court of the Great Khan Mongke, 1253-1255,trans. Peter Jackson(London,1990),p. 209.
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1707381465 17 William of Rubruck,‘The Journey of William of Rubruck’,p. 144;William of Rubruck,Mission of Friar William of Rubruck,p. 162.
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1707381469 18 同上。
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