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[47]T.Smollett,The Adventures of Roderick Random (1748;Everyman edn,London,1927),第34章,p.191。
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[48]G.W.Forrest,The Life of Lord Clive (2 vols.,London,1918),vol.1,pp.26–30.
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[49]A.Osiander,The States System of Europe 1640–1990 (Oxford,1994),pp.78–81.
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[50]关于西班牙“体系”,见R.A.Stradling,Europe and the Decline of Spain (London,1981)。
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[51]Anderson,Austrian Succession,p.58.
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[52]W.Goetzmann,New Lands,New Men:America and the Second Great Age of Discovery (pbk edn,London,1987),pp.62–64.
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[53]J.Tully,An Approach to Political Philosophy:Locke in Contexts (Cambridge,1993),第5章。
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[54]J.Harrison and P.Laslett,The Liberty of John Locke (Oxford.1965).
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[55]Dermigny,La Chine,vol.1,pp.19–22.
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[56]Montesquieu,Letters persanes (1721),第121封信。
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[57]Montesquieu,The Spirit of the Laws (1748;Eng.trans.New York,1949),vol.1,pp.301–304.
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[58]Ibid.,p.368.
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[59]引自N.A.M.Rodger,The Command of the Ocean:A Naval History of Britain 1649–1815 (London,2004),p.235.
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[60]J.-P.Rubiès,‘New Worlds and Renaissance Ethnology’,History and Anthrology 6,2–3 (London,1993),pp.157–197.
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[61]弗拉基米尔·谢尔盖耶维奇·索洛维约夫(1853—1900),俄国著名的宗教哲学家、诗人、政论作家。克柳切夫斯基(1841—1911),俄国历史学家。克柳切夫斯基的史学观点受到С.М.索洛维约夫的影响。重视地理殖民化在俄国历史上的作用。他不局限于政治史的研究,注意分析历史过程中的社会和经济因素,以人们参加经济生活的种类不同,作为区分各个社会集团的基础。他认为,由于地理条件和游牧民族的侵袭,俄国历史和西欧各国的历史有很大区别,俄国历史的一个重要特征就是没有封建主义。他对俄国历史的观点集中反映在他的5卷本《俄国历史教程》中。——译者注
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[62]M.J.Anderson,Britain’s Discovery of Russia 1553–1815 (London,1958),p.98.
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[63]参见Wallerstein,Modern World System,vol.2。
1707502383
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[64]J.Billington,The Icon and the Axe:An Interpretive History of Russian Culture (London,1970),pp.146,154,166.
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[65]J.M.Letiche and B.Dmytryshyn,Russian Statecraft:The Polotika of Iurii Krizhanich (Oxford,1985),p.xlvii.
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[66]G.V.Lantzeff and R.A.Pierce,Eastward to Empire (Montreal and London,1973),pp.139ff.
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[67]Blanchard,Russia’s Age of Silver,p.90.
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[68]关于这个进程,参见A.S.Donnelly,The Russian Conquest of Bashkiria 1552–1740 (New Haven and London,1968)。
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[69]现在,对彼得的政策的最好论述见L.Hughes,Russia in the Age of Peter the Great (London,1998)。关于立法机构的宣布,p.296。
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[70]O.Subtelny,Ukraine:A History (Toronto,1988),p.182.
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[71]S.H.Baron,‘Who were the Gosti?’,in S.H.Baron,Muscovite Russia:Collected Essays (London,1980).
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